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Search results 8801 to 8900 out of 30763 for seed protein

Category restricted to ProteinDomain (x)

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Categories

Category: ProteinDomain
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Type Details Score
Protein Domain
IPR018716
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2240
Type: Family
Description: This family of various hypothetical archaeal proteins with no known function.
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Protein Domain
IPR006736
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF601
Type: Family
Description: This family consists of several uncharacterised plant proteins which share a conserved region.
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Protein Domain
IPR006739
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF603
Type: Family
Description: This family includes several uncharacterised proteins from Borrelia species.
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Protein Domain
IPR018714
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2237
Type: Family
Description: This family of hypothetical proteins has no known function.
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Protein Domain
IPR018715
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2239
Type: Family
Description: This family of uncharacterised bacterial proteins has no known function.
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Protein Domain
IPR003994
Name: Ubiquitously expressed transcript protein UXT
Type: Family
Description: Ubiquitously expressed transcript protein UXT is involved in gene transcription regulation. It acts in concert with the corepressor URI1 to regulate androgen receptor transcription (AR). It is an AR N terminus-associated coactivator which may play a role in facilitating receptor-induced transcriptional activation [ ]. It is a protein which interacts with the N terminus of the Down's syndrome candidate region 1 (DSCR1) protein, encoded by a gene located in the human chromosome 21. DSCR1 interacts with calcineurin and is overexpressed in Down's syndrome patients. UXT, which is encoded in human Xp11, is a 157-amino acid protein present in both cytosol and nucleus of the cells [ ]. The members of this family are related to prefoldin, which is part of a molecular chaperone system that promotes the correct folding of nascent polypeptide chains. Prefoldin interacts with the nascent chain to stabilise it prior to its folding within the central cavity of a chaperonin. Prefoldin is a hexamer consisting of two types of subunits, alpha and beta. Archaeal prefoldin contains one type of alpha and one type of beta subunit [ ], while eukaryotic prefoldin contains two different but related alpha subunits and four related beta subunits [].
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Protein Domain
IPR043722
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5663
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is functionally uncharacterised. This family of proteins is found in bacteria. Proteins in this family are typically between 102 and 113 amino acids in length.
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Protein Domain
IPR043720
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5661
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is functionally uncharacterised. This family of proteins is found in bacteria, archaea and viruses. Proteins in this family are typically between 89 and 148 amino acids in length.
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Protein Domain
IPR018760
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2326
Type: Domain
Description: This domain, found in bacterial proteins, has no known function.
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Protein Domain
IPR031746
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4732
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is found in eukaryotes. Proteins in this family are typically between 107 and 201 amino acids in length.
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Protein Domain
IPR031744
Name: Small integral membrane protein 1
Type: Family
Description: SMIM1 is a small integral membrane protein that regulates red blood cell formation [ ]. The Vel blood group antigen is expressed on the red blood cells of most individuals. SMIM1 has been shown to encode the Vel blood group antigen [].
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Protein Domain
IPR031742
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4730
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is found in eukaryotes. Proteins in this family are approximately 60 amino acids in length.
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Protein Domain
IPR018763
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2334
Type: Family
Description: This entry represents Uncharacterized protein YdaL from Bacillus subtilis (strain 168) and similar proteins from bacteria and archaea. YdaL has been related to polysaccharide production [ ].
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Protein Domain
IPR031741
Name: Serine-rich and transmembrane domain-containing protein
Type: Family
Description: This family of uncharacterised proteins is found in chordates. Proteins in this family are approximately 100 amino acids in length.
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Protein Domain
IPR043715
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5656
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is functionally uncharacterised. This family of proteins is found in bacteria. Proteins in this family are typically between 237 and 274 amino acids in length. These proteins are likely to be integral membrane proteins.
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Protein Domain
IPR031732
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4729
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is functionally uncharacterised. This family of proteins is found in insects. Proteins in this family are typically between 238 and 666 amino acids in length.
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Protein Domain
IPR043707
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5647
Type: Family
Description: This is a family of unknown function. Family members include the hypothetical protein TTHC002 from Thermus thermophilus. Its has an α-β-α-β(3) structure and forms a dimer with a single β-sheet, folded in a barrel-like shape [ ].
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Protein Domain
IPR043706
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5646
Type: Family
Description: This is a family of unknown function. Family members include the archaeal homologues of the bacterial RelB, a toxin-antitoxin system which is activated during amino acid starvation [ ].
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Protein Domain
IPR018747
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2299
Type: Family
Description: Members of this family of hypothetical bacterial proteins have no known function.
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Protein Domain
IPR018746
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2298
Type: Family
Description: Members of this highly hydrophobic probable integral membrane family belong to two classes. In one, a single copy of the region modelled by the signatures in this entry represents essentially the full length of a strongly hydrophobic protein of about 700 to 900 residues (variable because of long inserts in some). The domain architecture of the other class consists of an additional N-terminal region, two copies of the region represented by this model, and three to four repeats of TPR, or tetratricopeptide repeat. The unusual species range includes several Archaea, several Chloroflexi, and Clostridium phytofermentans. An unusual motif YYYxG is present. The function is unknown.
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Protein Domain
IPR018743
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2292
Type: Family
Description: Members of this family of hypothetical bacterial proteins have no known function.
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Protein Domain
IPR031720
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4728
Type: Family
Description: Proteins in this family are mainly from arthropods, and they are functionally uncharacterised.
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Protein Domain
IPR018741
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2288
Type: Family
Description: Members of this family of hypothetical bacterial proteins have no known function.
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Protein Domain
IPR018742
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2290
Type: Family
Description: Members of this family of hypothetical bacterial proteins have no known function.
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Protein Domain
IPR006776
Name: Sporulation-specific cell division protein SsgB
Type: Family
Description: SsgB is a conserved activator of developmental cell division in morphologically complex actinomycetes [ ]. It controls cell division and spore maturation in streptomycetes. Together with SsgA, SsgB activates sporulation-specific cell division by controlling the localisation of FtsZ [].SsgB shows structural similarity to whirly ssDNA/guide RNA-binding proteins found in mitochondria or in plants, but the interaction of this protein with nucleic acids is unlikely. On the other hand, a conserved surface for protein-protein interaction has been identified and suggest that SsgB might be a binding partner [].
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Protein Domain
IPR031716
Name: Late cornified envelope protein 6A
Type: Family
Description: LCE6A, late cornified envelope protein 6A, is found in mammals. It was identified in a large-scale screening experiment as being involved in the barrier function of the epidermis [ ].
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Protein Domain
IPR031715
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4727
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is found in vertebrates. There are a number of conserved cysteines, but the domain is not a zinc-finger.
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Protein Domain
IPR018758
Name: Membrane iron-sulfur containing protein FtrD-like
Type: Domain
Description: Proteins containing this domain are bacterial membrane proteins associated with the FTR1 protein, an homologous to FtrC in the FtrABCD complex. This complex is a ferric iron transporter in which the ferric iron is generated by ferrous oxidation that requires the electron transfer by iron-sulfur cluster-containing FrtD. Proteins containing this domain are part of the iron-sulfur-containing Rieske superfamily and are likely to have an analogous function to FtrD in iron transport [ ].
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Protein Domain
IPR031714
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4726
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is found in vertebrates. Proteins in this family are typically between 40 and 110 amino acids in length.
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Protein Domain
IPR018757
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2316
Type: Family
Description: Members of this family of hypothetical bacterial proteins have no known function.
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Protein Domain
IPR031710
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4723
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is found in mammals. There are a number of conserved cysteines but it is unlikely to be a zinc-finger family. Proteins in this entry includes PATE4 from mice. Prostate and testis expressed protein 4 (PATE4, also known as PATE-B) belongs to the PATE family. It may modulate the function of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and may enhance sperm motility [ ].
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Protein Domain
IPR047042
Name: GTP-binding protein BipA, domain 2
Type: Domain
Description: BipA (also called TypA) is a highly conserved protein with global regulatory properties in Escherichia coli. Mutants show altered regulation of some pathways. BipA is a 50S ribosomal subunit assembly protein with GTPase activity, required for 50S subunit assembly at low temperatures and it also functions as a translation factor that is required specifically for the expression of the transcriptional modulator Fis. BipA binds to ribosomes at a site that coincides with that of EF-G and has a GTPase activity that is sensitive to high GDP:GTP ratios and is stimulated by 70S ribosomes programmed with mRNA and aminoacylated tRNAs [ , ]. The growth rate-dependent induction of BipA allows the efficient expression of Fis, thereby modulating a range of downstream processes, including DNA metabolism and type III secretion. This GTPase impacts interactions between enteropathogenic E.coli (EPEC) and epithelial cells and also has an effect on motility [ ]. It appears to be involved in the regulation of several processes important for infection, including rearrangements of the cytoskeleton of the host, bacterial resistance to host defence peptides, flagellum-mediated cell motility, and expression of K5 capsular genes [, ].This entry also includes TypA-like SVR3 from Arabidopsis, a putative chloroplastic elongation factor involved in response to chilling stress. It is required for proper chloroplast rRNA processing and/or translation at low temperature [ ] and it is also involved in plastid protein homeostasis [].This entry represents domain II of BipA/TypA, which shows similarity to the domain II of the elongation factors (EFs) EF-G and EF-Tu [ , ].
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Protein Domain
IPR043769
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5715
Type: Family
Description: The function of DUF5715 is not clear.
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Protein Domain
IPR041105
Name: TAR DNA-binding protein 43, N-terminal
Type: Domain
Description: This domain can be found at the N-terminal region of transactive response DNA-binding protein 43kDa (TDP-43), an RNA transporting and processing protein whose aberrant aggregates are implicated in neurodegenerative disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's Disease, and frontotemporal dementia [ , ]. TDP-43 N-terminal domain has been shown to play an important role in the aggregation of TDP-43 monomers and its loss of function affects the RNA metabolic levels [, ]. Secondary structure of the N-terminal domain consists of six β-strands and it resembles Axin 1 []. This domain mediates oligomerisation [].
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Protein Domain
IPR043767
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5713
Type: Family
Description: Proteins in this family are mainly found in bacteria.
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Protein Domain
IPR043765
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5711
Type: Family
Description: This is a family of unknown function mostly found in bacteria and archaea. Some members contain WD repeats.
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Protein Domain
IPR043766
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5712
Type: Family
Description: Proteins in this family are mainly found in Bacteroidetes.
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Protein Domain
IPR043763
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5709
Type: Domain
Description: The function of this domain is not clear.
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Protein Domain
IPR043761
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5707
Type: Family
Description: The function of DUF5707 is not clear.
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Protein Domain
IPR033872
Name: Non-specific lipid-transfer protein type 2
Type: Domain
Description: Plant nsLTPs are small, soluble proteins that facilitate the transfer of fatty acids, phospholipids, glycolipids, and steroids between membranes [ ]. In addition to lipid transport and assembly, nsLTPs also play a key role in the defense of plants against pathogens []. There are two closely-related types of nsLTPs, types 1 and 2, which differ in protein sequence, molecular weight, and biological properties. nsLTPs contain an internal hydrophobic cavity, which serves as the binding site for lipids. Structure studies of rice nsLTPs show that the plasticity of the hydrophobic cavity is an important factor in ligand binding []. nsLTP2s possess a more flexible central hydrophobic cavity, resulting in increased lipid transfer activity []. The flexibility of the sLTP2 cavity allows its binding to rigid sterol molecules, whereas nsLTP1 cannot bind sterols despite its larger cavity size. The resulting nsLTP2/sterol complexes may bind to receptors that trigger defense responses []. The nsLTP2 of Brassica rapa has been identified as a potent allergen [, ].This entry represents the non-specific lipid-transfer protein type 2 (nsLTP2) family.
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Protein Domain
IPR043758
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5703
Type: Family
Description: Proteins in this entry are mostly found in Actinobacteria.
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Protein Domain
IPR043756
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5702
Type: Family
Description: This family is mostly found in bacteria.
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Protein Domain
IPR043755
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5701
Type: Family
Description: This is a family of unknown function mostly found in bacteria.
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Protein Domain
IPR043753
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5699
Type: Family
Description: The function of DUF5699 is not clear.
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Protein Domain
IPR043750
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5695
Type: Family
Description: The function of DUF5695 is not clear.
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Protein Domain
IPR043751
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5696
Type: Family
Description: The function of DUF5696 is not clear.
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Protein Domain
IPR031775
Name: cGMP-dependent protein kinase, interacting domain
Type: Domain
Description: This domain is found at the C terminus of protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunits 12A (PPP1R12A), 12B and 12C. In PPP1R12A it has been found to bind to cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 via a leucine zipper motif located at the C terminus of this domain [ , ].
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Protein Domain
IPR031773
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4741
Type: Family
Description: Proteins in this family are also known as FAM231. Their function is not known.
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Protein Domain
IPR028111
Name: Melanocortin-2 receptor accessory protein family
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is found in eukaryotes. Melanocortin-2 receptor accessory protein (MRAP) is required for MC2R expression in certain cell types, suggesting that it is involved in the processing, trafficking or function of MC2R. MRAP may be involved in the intracellular trafficking pathways in adipocyte cells [ ].
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Protein Domain
IPR043749
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5694
Type: Family
Description: The function of DUF5694 is not clear.
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Protein Domain
IPR043747
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5692
Type: Family
Description: The function of DUF5692 is not clear.
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Protein Domain
IPR047239
Name: DCC-interacting protein 13-beta, BAR domain
Type: Domain
Description: This entry represents the BAR domain of DCC-interacting protein 13-beta from humans (DIP13B, also known as APPL2) and similar proteins from vertebrates. DIP13B is a multifunctional adapter protein that bind to various membrane receptors, nuclear factors and signalling proteins to regulate many processes, such as cell proliferation, immune response, endosomal trafficking and cell metabolism [ , , , , ]. DIP13B may affect adult neurogenesis in hippocampus and olfactory system via regulating the sensitivity of glucocorticoid receptor [, ]. These proteins consist of a BAR and a PH domain near the N-terminal, and the two domains are thought to function as a unit (BAR-PH domain) [ ]. At the C-terminal, they have a PTB domain []. Lipid binding assays show that the BAR, PH, and PTB domains can bind phospholipids [].
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Protein Domain
IPR028113
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4624
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is functionally uncharacterised and is found in bacteria. Proteins in this family are approximately 150 amino acids in length.
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Protein Domain
IPR028114
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4658
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is found in eukaryotes and includes human transmembrane protein C14orf180. Proteins in this family are typically between 129 and 161 amino acids in length.
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Protein Domain
IPR031762
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4738
Type: Family
Description: This family of uncharacterised proteins is found in Bacteroidetes, mostly from Bacteroides and Prevotella genera present in human gut and oral cavity, respectively. The experimentally determined structure (JCSG target SP13584B, ) consists of two WD40-like beta sheet repeats forming a beta sandwich.
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Protein Domain
IPR027428
Name: TOM1-like protein 1, GAT domain
Type: Domain
Description: TOM1-like protein 1 (TOM1L1) is an adapter protein involved in signaling pathways. It interacts with the SH2 and SH3 domains of various signaling proteins when it is phosphorylated. TOM1L1 promotes activation of Src family tyrosine kinase Fyn, possibly by disrupting intramolecular SH3-dependent interactions [ ]. It has been implicated in multivesicular body (MVB) formation, viral egress from the cell, and cytokinesis. Its amplification enhances the metastatic progression of ERBB2-positive breast cancers [, , ].This entry represents the canonical GAT domain of TOM1L1. It is a monomeric three-helix bundle that binds ubiquitin [ ]. It is also responsible for the interaction with Toll-interacting protein (Tollip) [].
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Protein Domain
IPR028101
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4616
Type: Family
Description: This protein family is found in eukaryotes and includes human uncharacterised protein C14orf93.
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Protein Domain
IPR028106
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4578
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is found in eukaryotes and includes human protein C11orf52.
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Protein Domain
IPR028108
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4505
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is found in bacteria and eukaryotes. Proteins in this family are typically between 166 and 225 amino acids in length.
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Protein Domain
IPR028102
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4652
Type: Family
Description: This family of uncharacterised proteins from Clostridia and Bacilli classes has an unusual structure of three beta propeller repeats that do not form a barrel, as in well known 6-, 7- etc beta propeller barrels, but instead are stacked in a three-layer β-sheet sandwich. The function of all the proteins from this family is unknown.
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Protein Domain
IPR028104
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4553
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is functionally uncharacterised. It is found in vertebrates and includes the human protein C10orf12.
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Protein Domain
IPR028105
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4651
Type: Family
Description: This is a family of short, secreted proteins specific to the Streptococcus genus, with distant homologues, not recognised by this entry, found in other cocci. In all sequenced genomes, proteins from this family appear in a conserved genomic context with an thioredoxin, tRNA synthase and tRNA binding protein, but the functional implication of this is unclear.
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Protein Domain
IPR043731
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5674
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is functionally uncharacterised. This family of proteins is found in bacteria and archaea. Proteins in this family are approximately 110 amino acids in length.
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Protein Domain
IPR031759
Name: Effector protein HopAB, BAK1-binding domain
Type: Domain
Description: HopAB family members are type III effector proteins that are secreted by the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae into the host plant to inhibit its immune system and facilitate the spread of the pathogen [ ]. AvrPtoB, also called HopAB3, is the best studied member of the family. It suppresses host basal defenses by interfering with PAMP (pathogen-associated molecular signature)-triggered immunity (PTI) through binding and inhibiting BAK1, a kinase which serves to activate defense signaling [ ]. It also recognizes the kinase Pto to activate effector-triggered immunity (ETI) [].AvrPtoB contains an N-terminal region that contains two kinase-interacting domains (KID) and a C-terminal E3 ligase domain. The first KID recognizes the PTI-associated kinase Bti9 as well as Pto, and is referred to as the Pto-binding domain (PID). The second KID interacts with BAK1 and FLS2, which are leucine-rich repeat-containing receptor-like kinases, and is called the BAK1-interacting domain (BID) [ , ] . The family member HopPmaL is shorter and lacks the C-terminal E3 ligase domain [].This entry represents the second KID of AvrPtoB that binds to BAK1 thereby preventing its kinase activity after the perception of flagellin [ ].
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Protein Domain
IPR031754
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4736
Type: Family
Description: This family of functionally uncharacterised proteins is found in insects. Proteins in this family are typically between 186 and 228 amino acids in length.
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Protein Domain
IPR031751
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4735
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is found in eukaryotes and includes human C16orf89, which is thyroid-specific [ ]. Proteins in this family are typically between 288 and 410 amino acids in length. There are two completely conserved C residues that may be functionally important.
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Protein Domain
IPR031580
Name: Pilus assembly protein TadZ, N-terminal
Type: Domain
Description: This entry represents the N-terminal region of the Flp pilus assembly protein TadZ, which carries an AAA, ATPase domain immediately downstream ( ). Proteins containing this domain are signal-transduction-response receivers. They are localised to the cytoplasmic side of the inner bacterial cell-membrane, contacting also with both TadA and RcpC [ ].
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Protein Domain
IPR031587
Name: Lung adenoma susceptibility protein 2
Type: Family
Description: LAS2 is a family of eukaryotic proteins. Deletion of LAS2 is observed in approx. 40% of human lung adenocarcinomas, suggesting that loss of function of LAS2 may be a key step for promoting lung tumourigenesis [ ].
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Protein Domain
IPR031573
Name: GPI-anchored cell wall protein repeat
Type: Repeat
Description: This repeat is found in cell wall proteins from fungi, including some members of the HYR/IFF families [].
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Protein Domain
IPR043556
Name: StAR-related lipid transfer protein 5/6
Type: Family
Description: The steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR)-related lipid transfer (START) domain is a protein module of approximately 210 residues that binds lipids, including sterols. The START domain consists of an alpha/beta helix-grip fold. Fifteen mammalian proteins, STARD1-STARD15, possess a START domain [ ]. This entry includes StARD5 and StARD6.StAR-related lipid transfer protein 5 (StARD5) contains a START domain that binds lipids, including sterols [ ]. StARD5 primary binds bile acids, and may be involved in the transport of bile acids rather than cholesterol [].StARD6 can bind cholesterol. It has cholesterol-transfer activity and StAR-like activity. STARD6 is restricted to the testes and is expressed during spermatogenesis in spermatids but not in steroidogenic cells [ , ].
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Protein Domain
IPR031561
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF5086
Type: Family
Description: This family includes uncharacterised proteins predominantly found in Proteobacteria, such as from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This protein folds into a five-stranded antiparallel β-sheet sandwiched between two short α-helices [ ].
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Protein Domain
IPR043549
Name: C2 calcium-dependent domain-containing protein 4C/4D
Type: Family
Description: The function of C2 calcium-dependent domain-containing protein 4C/4D is not known. The C2 domain is a Ca2 -dependent membrane-targeting module found in many cellular proteins involved in signal transduction or membrane trafficking.
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Protein Domain
IPR016570
Name: Uncharacterised conserved protein UCP010361, membrane
Type: Family
Description: There is currently no experimental data for members of this group or their homologues, nor do they exhibit features indicative of any function. However, they are predicted to be integral membrane proteins (with several transmembrane segments).
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Protein Domain
IPR018592
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2024
Type: Family
Description: This protein of 86 residues is expressed in bacteria. It consists of two alpha helices and four beta strands. Its function is unknown.
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Protein Domain
IPR031554
Name: Fibrous sheath-interacting protein 2, C-terminal
Type: Domain
Description: This domain is the C-terminal portion of FSIP2, fibrous sheath-interacting protein 2, a protein found in mammals. The function is not known, but the domain appears to be repeated up to 10 times in some members.
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Protein Domain
IPR018599
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2026
Type: Family
Description: This protein of approx. 100 residues is found in bacteria. It contains up to five alpha helices and up to seven beta strands and is probably monomeric. Its function is unknown.
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Protein Domain
IPR024188
Name: Glutamate synthase large subunit-like protein
Type: Family
Description: Glutamate synthase (GOGAT, GltS) is a complex iron-sulphur flavoprotein that catalyses the reductive synthesis of L-glutamate from 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG) and L-glutamine via intramolecular channeling of ammonia, a reaction in the bacterial, yeast and plant pathways for ammonia assimilation [ ]. GOGAT is a multifunctional enzyme that functions through three distinct active centres carrying out multiple reaction steps: L-glutamine hydrolysis, conversion of 2-oxoglutarate into L-glutamate, and electron uptake from an electron donor [].There are four classes of glutamate synthase (GOGAT) [ ], []:1. Bacterial NADPH-dependent GOGAT (NADPH-GOGAT, ). This standard bacterial NADPH-GOGAT (GltS) is composed of a large (alpha, GltB) subunit, and a small (beta, GltD) subunit. 2. Ferredoxin-dependent GOGAT in cyanobacteria and plants (Fd-GOGAT from photosynthetic cells, ) displays a single-subunit structure corresponding to the large bacterial subunit. 3. Pyridine-linked GOGAT in both photosynthetic and nonphotosynthetic eukaryotes (eukaryotic GOGAT or NADH-GOGAT, ) displays a single-subunit structure corresponding to the fusion of the small and the large bacterial subunits. 4. The archaeal type with stand-alone proteins corresponding to the N-terminal, FMN-binding, and the C-terminal domains of the large subunit and to the small subunit.The large (alpha, GltB) subunit of bacterial glutamate synthase (GOGAT) consists of three domains: the N-terminal amidotransferase domain ( ), the central domain, and the C-terminal domain ( ). This entry represents a stand-alone version of the central domain. The stand-alone form occurs in the archaeal-type of GOGAT, where the large subunit is represented by three separate proteins, corresponding to the three domains of the "standard"bacterial enzyme [ ].The second (central) domain of the bacterial GOGAT large subunit consists of a linker domain and the FMN-binding domain ( ). The FMN-binding domain has a beta/alpha barrel topology. In this domain, the 2-iminoglutarate intermediate, formed upon the addition of ammonia onto 2-oxoglutarate, is reduced by the FMN cofactor producing the second molecule of L-glutamate [ ]. This domain also contains the enzyme 3Fe-4S cluster [].All members of this entry contain the FMN-binding domain. However, they lack the linker domain, and some have 1-3 copies of (4Fe-4S binding domain) in the N-terminal region. Originally, only the ORF encoding the central domain of GOGAT was recognised and annotated as GltB in archaea, and the rest of the large subunit was thought to be missing, which may lead to some misannotations [ ]. This led to speculations that the archaeal form of the GOGAT large subunit is the ancestral minimum form of the enzyme. Later analysis showed, however, that in all archaea where the large subunit has been found, its entire sequence is represented by three separate ORFs [].
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Protein Domain
IPR043574
Name: Caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 19
Type: Family
Description: Caspase recruiment domain-containing proteins (CARDs) are death domains (DDs) found associated with caspases [ ]. They are known to be important in the signalling pathways for apoptosis, inflammation, and host-defense mechanisms [].This entry includes the Caspase-recruitment domain-containing protein 19 (CARD19), also known as Bcl10-interacting protein with CARD (BinCARD) which interacts with apoptosis inducer CARD protein Bcl10 through CARD. It inhibits Bcl10-mediated activation of NF-kappa B and to suppress Bcl10 phosphorylation [].
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Protein Domain
IPR024174
Name: Hepatocyte growth factor/Macrophage stimulatory protein
Type: Family
Description: This entry includes hepatocyte growth factor (HGF; also called scatter factor) and HGF-like proteins (also known as macrophage stimulatory protein, MST1). Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is an activating ligand of the Met receptor tyrosine kinase, whose activity is essential for normal tissue development and organ regeneration [ ]. HGF is essential for placental, liver, and muscle development, whereas MST1 is not required for embryogenesis, fertility, or wound healing. Genes for HGF and its receptor, the Met tyrosine kinase, are close together on chromosome 7, so that polysomy of chromosome 7 may contribute to malignancy through overproduction of both molecules. MST1 and its receptor, the Ron tyrosine kinase, are close together on chromosome 3. HGF and MST1 are closely related to plasminogen, having similar domain architecture: signal sequence followed by a PAN (formerly apple) domain, four (rather than five) kringle domains, and a trypsin domain, which appears to lack any peptidase activity.
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Protein Domain
IPR006631
Name: Protein of unknown function DM4/12
Type: Family
Description: This domain of unknown function is found in primarily in Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) proteins of unknown function.
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Protein Domain
IPR034946
Name: La-related protein 7, La domain
Type: Domain
Description: LARP7 is a component of the 7SK snRNP, a key factor in the regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription. 7SK functionality is dependent on the presence of LARP7, which is thought to stabilize the 7SK RNA by interacting with its 3' end. The release of 7SK RNA from P-TEFb/HEXIM/7SK complexes activates the cyclin-dependent kinase P-TEFb, which in turn phosphorylates the C-terminal domain of RNA pol II and mediates a transition into productive transcription elongation [ ].LARP7 belongs to a group of factors that share an N-terminal La-like domain followed by one or two RNA-recognition motifs (RRM) [ ]. This entry represents the La-like domain.
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Protein Domain
IPR044328
Name: Nonstructural protein 15, N-terminal, gammacoronavirus
Type: Domain
Description: The unique coronavirus transcription/replication machinery comprised of multiple virus-encoded non structural proteins (NSP) plays a vital role during initial and intermediate phases of the viral life cycle. NSP15 forms a hexamer made of dimers of trimers which is suggested to be a functional unit, responsible for the endoribonuclease activity. The NSP15 monomer consists of three domains: N-terminal, middle and C-terminal [ , ]. The catalytic function of NSP15 resides in the C-terminal NendoU domain. The active site carries six key residues conserved among SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, suggesting that its activity is important for sustained replication in the host [, ].This entry represents the N-terminal oligomerization domain of the NSP15 from gammacoronaviruses. This domain stabilises the hexamer and is critical for its formation [ ]. It is composed of three-stranded antiparallel -βsheet and two α-helices [, ].
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Protein Domain
IPR044331
Name: Nonstructural protein 15, N-terminal, deltacoronavirus
Type: Domain
Description: The unique coronavirus transcription/replication machinery comprised of multiple virus-encoded non structural proteins (NSP) plays a vital role during initial and intermediate phases of the viral life cycle. NSP15 forms a hexamer made of dimers of trimers which is suggested to be a functional unit, responsible for the endoribonuclease activity. The NSP15 monomer consists of three domains: N-terminal, middle and C-terminal [ , ]. The catalytic function of NSP15 resides in the C-terminal NendoU domain. The active site carries six key residues conserved among SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, suggesting that its activity is important for sustained replication in the host [, ].This entry represents the N-terminal oligomerization domain of NSP15 from deltacoronaviruses. This domain stabilises the hexamer and is critical for its formation [ ]. It is composed of three-stranded antiparallel β-sheet and two α-helices [, ]. In Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), the N-terminal domain seems to differ from the NSP15 of alpha and betacoronavirus. PDCoV NSP15 has been shown to exist as a dimer and a monomer in solution and that it inhibits type I interferon production independently of its endoribonuclease activity [, ].
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Protein Domain
IPR018646
Name: Membrane protein of 12 TMs
Type: Family
Description: This family carries twelve transmembrane regions. It does not have any characteristic nucleotide-binding-domains of the GxSGSGKST type. so it may not be an ATP-binding cassette transporter. However, it may well be a transporter of some description. ABC transporters always have two nucleotide binding domains; this has two unusual conserved sequence-motifs: 'KDhKxhhR' and 'LxxLP'.
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Protein Domain
IPR031624
Name: Coiled-coil domain-containing protein 168, N-terminal
Type: Domain
Description: This domain corresponds to the N-terminal region of eukaryotic coiled-coil proteins 168. There are up to 17, on average 6, copies of this domain in most members.
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Protein Domain
IPR018644
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2071
Type: Family
Description: This conserved protein, similar to YgjF, has no known function.
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Protein Domain
IPR018642
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2066
Type: Family
Description: This entry represents a family of prokaryotic proteins with no known function.
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Protein Domain
IPR018659
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2090
Type: Domain
Description: This domain, found in various prokaryotic carbohydrate kinases, has no known function.
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Protein Domain
IPR018658
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2089
Type: Family
Description: This family consists of various hypothetical prokaryotic proteins.
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Protein Domain
IPR018655
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2086
Type: Family
Description: This is a family of prokaryotic proteins. They are predicted to catalyse oxidative demethylation of damaged bases in DNA [ ].
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Protein Domain
IPR018636
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2058
Type: Family
Description: This protein family represents various prokaryotic proteins, including Uncharacterized protein YaiL fom Escherichia coli (strain K12). It has no known function.
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Protein Domain
IPR028013
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4437
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is found in bacteria. Proteins in this family are typically between 152 and 283 amino acids in length and have a RmlC-like jelly roll fold.
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Protein Domain
IPR028018
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4646
Type: Family
Description: This is a family of proteins largely from fungi. The function is not known.
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Protein Domain
IPR028019
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4508
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is found in eukaryotes. Proteins in this family are typically between 117 and 253 amino acids in length.
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Protein Domain
IPR034341
Name: Stringent starvation protein A, N-terminal
Type: Domain
Description: Stringent starvation protein A (SspA) is a RNA polymerase (RNAP)-associated protein required for the lytic development of phage P1 and for stationary phase-induced acid tolerance of E. coli. It is implicated in survival during nutrient starvation [ ]. SspA adopts the GST fold with an N-terminal TRX-fold domain and a C-terminal alpha helical domain, but it does not bind glutathione (GSH) and lacks GST activity [, ]. SspA is highly conserved among Gram-negative bacteria. Related proteins found in Neisseria (called RegF) [], Francisella and Vibrio regulate the expression of virulence factors necessary for pathogenesis [, ].This entry represents the N-terminal GST-like thioredoxin (TRX) fold domain of the SspA (stringent starvation protein A) protein.
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Protein Domain
IPR034342
Name: Stringent starvation protein A, C-terminal
Type: Domain
Description: This entry represents the C-terminal GST-like alpha helical domain of the SspA (stringent starvation protein A) protein. Stringent starvation protein A (SspA) is a RNA polymerase (RNAP)-associated protein required for the lytic development of phage P1 and for stationary phase-induced acid tolerance of E. coli. It is implicated in survival during nutrient starvation [ ]. SspA adopts the GST fold with an N-terminal TRX-fold domain and a C-terminal alpha helical domain, but it does not bind glutathione (GSH) and lacks GST activity [, ]. SspA is highly conserved among Gram-negative bacteria. Related proteins found in Neisseria (called RegF) [], Francisella and Vibrio regulate the expression of virulence factors necessary for pathogenesis [, ].
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Protein Domain
IPR018684
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2171
Type: Family
Description: This family of various hypothetical prokaryotic proteins has no known function.
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Protein Domain
IPR018685
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2173
Type: Family
Description: This family of various hypothetical prokaryotic proteins has no known function.
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Protein Domain
IPR018680
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF2164
Type: Family
Description: This family of various hypothetical prokaryotic proteins has no known function.
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Protein Domain
IPR031668
Name: Protein of unknown function DUF4711
Type: Family
Description: This family of proteins is found in eukaryotes. Proteins in this family are typically between 130 and 288 amino acids in length.
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