Protein Domain : Proline--tRNA ligase, anticodon binding domain IPR044140

Type  Domain
Description  This entry represents the short version of anticodon binding domain found predominantly in bacteria. This domain can be found in proline--tRNA ligase ProRS, which belongs to class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. This domain is responsible for specificity in tRNA-binding, so that the activated amino acid is transferred to a ribose 3' OH group of the appropriate tRNA only [ , ].Prolyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to class IIa. Prolyl-tRNA synthetase ( ) exists in two forms, which are loosely related. The first form is present in the majority of eubacteria species. The second one, present in some eubacteria, is essentially present in archaea and eukaryota. This entry contains the first form of prolyl-tRNA synthetase. The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (also known as aminoacyl-tRNA ligases) catalyse the attachment of an amino acid to its cognate transfer RNA molecule in a highly specific two-step reaction [ , ]. These proteins differ widely in size and oligomeric state, and have limited sequence homology []. The 20 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are divided into two classes, I and II. Class I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases contain a characteristic Rossman fold catalytic domain and are mostly monomeric []. Class II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases share an anti-parallel β-sheet fold flanked by α-helices [], and are mostly dimeric or multimeric, containing at least three conserved regions [ , , ]. However, tRNA binding involves an α-helical structure that is conserved between class I and class II synthetases. In reactions catalysed by the class I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, the aminoacyl group is coupled to the 2'-hydroxyl of the tRNA, while, in class II reactions, the 3'-hydroxyl site is preferred. The synthetases specific for arginine, cysteine, glutamic acid, glutamine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, tyrosine, tryptophan, valine, and some lysine synthetases (non-eukaryotic group) belong to class I synthetases. The synthetases specific for alanine, asparagine, aspartic acid, glycine, histidine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, and some lysine synthetases (non-archaeal group), belong to class-II synthetases. Based on their mode of binding to the tRNA acceptor stem, both classes of tRNA synthetases have been subdivided into three subclasses, designated 1a, 1b, 1c and 2a, 2b, 2c [].
Short Name  ProRS_anticodon_short

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