Protein Domain : Recombinase, conserved site IPR006118

Type	Conserved_site
Description	Site-specific recombination plays an important role in DNA rearrangement in prokaryotic organisms. Two types of site-specific recombination are known to occur:Recombination between inverted repeats resulting in the reversal of a DNA segment.Recombination between repeat sequences on two DNA molecules resulting in their cointegration, or between repeats on one DNA molecule resulting in the excision of a DNA fragment.Site-specific recombination is characterised by a strand exchange mechanism that requires no DNA synthesis or high energy cofactor; the phosphodiester bond energy is conserved in a phospho-protein linkage during strand cleavage and re-ligation.Two unrelated families of recombinases are currently known [ ]. The first, called the 'phage integrase' family, groups a number of bacterial, phage and yeast plasmid enzymes. The second [], called the 'resolvase' family, groups enzymes which share the following structural characteristics: an N-terminal catalytic and dimerization domain that contains a conserved serine residue involved in the transient covalent attachment to DNA, and a C-terminal helix-turn-helix DNA-binding domain.The resolvase family is currently known to include the following proteins:DNA invertase from Salmonella typhimurium (gene hin). Hin can invert a 900 bp DNA fragment adjacent to a gene for one of the flagellar antigens.DNA invertase from Escherichia coli (gene pin).DNA invertase from Bacteriophage Mu (gene gin), P1 and P7 (gene cin).Resolvases from transposons Tn3, Tn21, Tn501, Tn552, Tn917, Tn1546, Tn1721, Tn2501 and Tn1000 (known as gamma-delta resolvase).Resolvase from Clostridium perfringens plasmid pIP404.Resolvase from E. coli plasmid R46.Resolvase from E. coli plasmid RP4 (gene parA).A putative recombinase from Bacillus subtilis (gene cisA) [ ] which plays an important role in sporulation by catalyzing the recombination of genes spoIIIC and spoIVCB to form polymerase sigma-K factor.Uvp1, a protein from E. coli plasmid pR which cooperates with the mucAB genes in the DNA repair process and could be a resolvase [ ].Generally, proteins from the resolvase family have 180 to 200 amino-acid residues, excepting cisA which is much larger (500 residues).
Short Name	Recombinase_CS