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Search results 401 to 500 out of 44733 for *

Category restricted to GOTerm (x)

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Categories

Category: GOTerm
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Type Details Score
GO Term
GO:0030117 | membrane coat
Description: Any of several different proteinaceous coats that can associate with membranes. Membrane coats include those formed by clathrin plus an adaptor complex, the COPI and COPII complexes, and possibly others. They are found associated with membranes on many vesicles as well as other membrane features such as pits and perhaps tubules.
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GO Term
GO:0051536 | iron-sulfur cluster binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an iron-sulfur cluster, a combination of iron and sulfur atoms.
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GO Term
GO:0006891 | intra-Golgi vesicle-mediated transport
Description: The directed movement of substances within the Golgi, mediated by small transport vesicles. These either fuse with the cis-Golgi or with each other to form the membrane stacks known as the cis-Golgi reticulum (network).
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GO Term
GO:0017119 | Golgi transport complex
Description: A multisubunit tethering complex of the CATCHR family (complexes associated with tethering containing helical rods) that has a role in tethering vesicles to the Golgi prior to fusion. In yeast, this complex is called the Sec34/35 complex and is composed of eight subunits (Sec34p, Sec35p, Dor1p, Cod1p, Cod2p, Cod3p, Cod4p, and Cod5p). In mammals the subunits are named COG1-8.
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GO Term
GO:0005639 | integral component of nuclear inner membrane
Description: The component of the nuclear inner membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
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GO Term
GO:0004791 | thioredoxin-disulfide reductase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: NADP(+) + thioredoxin = H(+) + NADPH + thioredoxin disulfide.
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GO Term
GO:0019430 | removal of superoxide radicals
Description: Any process, acting at the cellular level, involved in removing superoxide radicals (O2-) from a cell or organism, e.g. by conversion to dioxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
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GO Term
GO:0004420 | hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH) activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: (R)-mevalonate + CoA + 2 NADP(+) = (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + 2 H(+) + 2 NADPH.
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GO Term
GO:0015936 | coenzyme A metabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester.
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GO Term
GO:0050661 | NADP binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NADP+, or the reduced form, NADPH.
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GO Term
GO:0004540 | ribonuclease activity
Description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphodiester bonds in chains of RNA.
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GO Term
GO:0004970 | ionotropic glutamate receptor activity
Description: Catalysis of the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
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GO Term
GO:0005234 | extracellularly glutamate-gated ion channel activity
Description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate is bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts on the extracellular side of the plasma membrane.
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GO Term
GO:0007131 | reciprocal meiotic recombination
Description: The cell cycle process in which double strand breaks are formed and repaired through a double Holliday junction intermediate. This results in the equal exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids in a pair of homologous chromosomes. These reciprocal recombinant products ensure the proper segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis I and create genetic diversity.
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GO Term
GO:0032390 | MutLbeta complex
Description: A heterodimer involved in the recognition of base-base and small insertion/deletion mismatches. In human the complex consists of two subunits, MLH1 and PMS1.
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GO Term
GO:0098519 | nucleotide phosphatase activity, acting on free nucleotides
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: nucleotide + H2O = nucleotide + phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0051726 | regulation of cell cycle
Description: Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle.
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GO Term
GO:0009001 | serine O-acetyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-serine + acetyl-CoA = O-acetyl-L-serine + CoA.
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GO Term
GO:0016740 | transferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2.
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GO Term
GO:0004449 | isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: isocitrate + NAD+ = 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 + NADH + H+.
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GO Term
GO:0006099 | tricarboxylic acid cycle
Description: A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle.
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GO Term
GO:0051287 | NAD binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme involved in many redox and biosynthetic reactions; binding may be to either the oxidized form, NAD+, or the reduced form, NADH.
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GO Term
GO:0004568 | chitinase activity
Description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of (1->4)-beta linkages of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polymers of chitin and chitodextrins.
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GO Term
GO:0006032 | chitin catabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues.
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GO Term
GO:0016998 | cell wall macromolecule catabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall.
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GO Term
GO:0006306 | DNA methylation
Description: The covalent transfer of a methyl group to either N-6 of adenine or C-5 or N-4 of cytosine.
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GO Term
GO:0004518 | nuclease activity
Description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids.
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GO Term
GO:0004630 | phospholipase D activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphatidylcholine + H2O = choline + a phosphatidate.
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GO Term
GO:0046470 | phosphatidylcholine metabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphatidylcholines, any of a class of glycerophospholipids in which the phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxyl group of choline. They are important constituents of cell membranes.
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GO Term
GO:0031418 | L-ascorbic acid binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with L-ascorbic acid, (2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-olate; L-ascorbic acid is vitamin C and has co-factor and anti-oxidant activities in many species.
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GO Term
GO:0030904 | retromer complex
Description: A conserved hetero-pentameric membrane-associated complex involved in retrograde transport from endosomes to the Golgi apparatus. The budding yeast retromer comprises Vps35p, Vps29p, Vps26p, Vps5p, and Vps17p. The mammalian complex shows slight variation in composition compared to yeast, and comprises SNX1 or SNX2, SNX5 or SNX6, VPS26A or VPS26B, VPS29, and VPS35.
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GO Term
GO:0042147 | retrograde transport, endosome to Golgi
Description: The directed movement of membrane-bounded vesicles from endosomes back to the trans-Golgi network where they are recycled for further rounds of transport.
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GO Term
GO:0003856 | 3-dehydroquinate synthase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: 7-phospho-2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-arabino-heptonate = 3-dehydroquinate + phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0009073 | aromatic amino acid family biosynthetic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of aromatic amino acid family, amino acids with aromatic ring (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan).
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GO Term
GO:0016310 | phosphorylation
Description: The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide.
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GO Term
GO:0004559 | alpha-mannosidase activity
Description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing alpha-D-mannose residues in alpha-D-mannosides.
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GO Term
GO:0006013 | mannose metabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving mannose, the aldohexose manno-hexose, the C-2 epimer of glucose. The D-(+)-form is widely distributed in mannans and hemicelluloses and is of major importance in the core oligosaccharide of N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins.
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GO Term
GO:0015923 | mannosidase activity
Description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of mannosyl compounds, substances containing a group derived from a cyclic form of mannose or a mannose derivative.
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GO Term
GO:0008540 | proteasome regulatory particle, base subcomplex
Description: The subcomplex of the proteasome regulatory particle that directly associates with the proteasome core complex.
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GO Term
GO:0015934 | large ribosomal subunit
Description: The larger of the two subunits of a ribosome. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site).
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GO Term
GO:0033179 | proton-transporting V-type ATPase, V0 domain
Description: A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting V-type ATPase and mediates proton transport across a membrane. The V0 complex consists of at least four different subunits (a,c,d and e); six or more c subunits form a proton-binding rotor ring.
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GO Term
GO:0008762 | UDP-N-acetylmuramate dehydrogenase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetylmuramate + NADP+ = UDP-N-acetyl-3-O-(1-carboxyvinyl)-D-glucosamine + NADPH + H+.
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GO Term
GO:0043412 | macromolecule modification
Description: The covalent alteration of one or more monomeric units in a polypeptide, polynucleotide, polysaccharide, or other biological macromolecule, resulting in a change in its properties.
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GO Term
GO:0051539 | 4 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 4 iron, 4 sulfur (4Fe-4S) cluster; this cluster consists of four iron atoms, with the inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands.
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GO Term
GO:0000154 | rRNA modification
Description: The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an rRNA molecule to produce an rRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically.
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GO Term
GO:0000179 | rRNA (adenine-N6,N6-)-dimethyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the dimethylation two adjacent A residues in the loop closing the 3'-terminal stem of the 18S rRNA, using S-adenosyl-L-methionine as a methyl donor.
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GO Term
GO:0006364 | rRNA processing
Description: Any process involved in the conversion of a primary ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript into one or more mature rRNA molecules.
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GO Term
GO:0008649 | rRNA methyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to a nucleoside residue in an rRNA molecule.
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GO Term
GO:0016433 | rRNA (adenine) methyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + rRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + rRNA containing methyladenine.
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GO Term
GO:0006662 | glycerol ether metabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycerol ethers, any anhydride formed between two organic hydroxy compounds, one of which is glycerol.
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GO Term
GO:0015035 | protein disulfide oxidoreductase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: a protein with reduced sulfide groups = a protein with oxidized disulfide bonds.
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GO Term
GO:0003979 | UDP-glucose 6-dehydrogenase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + 2 NAD(+) + UDP-alpha-D-glucose = 3 H(+) + 2 NADH + UDP-alpha-D-glucuronate.
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GO Term
GO:0009055 | electron transfer activity
Description: Any molecular entity that serves as an electron acceptor and electron donor in an electron transport chain. An electron transport chain is a process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.
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GO Term
GO:0022900 | electron transport chain
Description: A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.
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GO Term
GO:0045735 | nutrient reservoir activity
Description: Functions in the storage of nutritious substrates.
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GO Term
GO:0000976 | transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific sequence of DNA that is part of a regulatory region that controls transcription of that section of the DNA. The transcribed region might be described as a gene, cistron, or operon.
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GO Term
GO:0010181 | FMN binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with flavin mono nucleotide. Flavin mono nucleotide (FMN) is the coenzyme or the prosthetic group of various flavoprotein oxidoreductase enzymes.
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GO Term
GO:0045892 | negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
Description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
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GO Term
GO:0009279 | cell outer membrane
Description: A lipid bilayer that forms the outermost membrane of the cell envelope; enriched in polysaccharide and protein; the outer leaflet of the membrane contains specific lipopolysaccharide structures.
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GO Term
GO:0009523 | photosystem II
Description: A photosystem that contains a pheophytin-quinone reaction center with associated accessory pigments and electron carriers. In cyanobacteria and chloroplasts, in the presence of light, PSII functions as a water-plastoquinone oxidoreductase, transferring electrons from water to plastoquinone, whereas other photosynthetic bacteria carry out anoxygenic photosynthesis and oxidize other compounds to re-reduce the photoreaction center.
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GO Term
GO:0009654 | photosystem II oxygen evolving complex
Description: A complex, composed of a cluster of manganese, calcium and chloride ions bound to extrinsic proteins, that catalyzes the splitting of water to O2 and 4 H+. In cyanobacteria there are five extrinsic proteins in OEC (PsbO, PsbP-like, PsbQ-like, PsbU and PsbV), while in plants there are only three (PsbO, PsbP and PsbQ).
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GO Term
GO:0015979 | photosynthesis
Description: The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide (CO2) using energy obtained from light rather than from the oxidation of chemical compounds.
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GO Term
GO:0019898 | extrinsic component of membrane
Description: The component of a membrane consisting of gene products and protein complexes that are loosely bound to one of its surfaces, but not integrated into the hydrophobic region.
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GO Term
GO:0042549 | photosystem II stabilization
Description: The stabilization of the photosystem II protein complex, resulting from the phosphorylation of its structural protein subunits, in a cell actively involved in photosynthesis.
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GO Term
GO:0007186 | G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
Description: A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane.
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GO Term
GO:0019001 | guanyl nucleotide binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with guanyl nucleotides, any compound consisting of guanosine esterified with (ortho)phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0031683 | G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a complex of G-protein beta/gamma subunits.
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GO Term
GO:0008146 | sulfotransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the transfer of a sulfate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to the hydroxyl group of an acceptor, producing the sulfated derivative and 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0009408 | response to heat
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism.
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GO Term
GO:0004806 | triglyceride lipase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: triacylglycerol + H2O = diacylglycerol + a carboxylate.
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GO Term
GO:0008081 | phosphoric diester hydrolase activity
Description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a phosphodiester to give a phosphomonoester and a free hydroxyl group.
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GO Term
GO:0044267 | cellular protein metabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification.
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GO Term
GO:0004514 | nicotinate-nucleotide diphosphorylase (carboxylating) activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: CO(2) + diphosphate + nicotinate D-ribonucleotide = 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + 2 H(+) + quinolinate.
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GO Term
GO:0004516 | nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: diphosphate + nicotinate D-ribonucleotide = 5-phospho-alpha-D-ribose 1-diphosphate + H(+) + nicotinate.
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GO Term
GO:0009435 | NAD biosynthetic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid; biosynthesis may be of either the oxidized form, NAD, or the reduced form, NADH.
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GO Term
GO:0019358 | nicotinate nucleotide salvage
Description: The generation of nicotinate nucleotide without de novo synthesis.
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GO Term
GO:0008171 | O-methyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to the oxygen atom of an acceptor molecule.
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GO Term
GO:0031519 | PcG protein complex
Description: A chromatin-associated multiprotein complex containing Polycomb Group proteins. In Drosophila, Polycomb group proteins are involved in the long-term maintenance of gene repression, and PcG protein complexes associate with Polycomb group response elements (PREs) in target genes to regulate higher-order chromatin structure.
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GO Term
GO:0019789 | SUMO transferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the transfer of SUMO from one protein to another via the reaction X-SUMO + Y --> Y-SUMO + X, where both X-SUMO and Y-SUMO are covalent linkages.
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GO Term
GO:0015018 | galactosylgalactosylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-glucuronate + 3-beta-D-galactosyl-4-beta-D-galactosyl-O-beta-D-xylosylprotein = UDP + 3-beta-D-glucuronosyl-3-beta-D-galactosyl-4-beta-D-galactosyl-O-beta-D-xylosylprotein.
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GO Term
GO:0016075 | rRNA catabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of rRNA, ribosomal RNA, a structural constituent of ribosomes.
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GO Term
GO:0008080 | N-acetyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to a nitrogen atom on the acceptor molecule.
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GO Term
GO:0003712 | transcription coregulator activity
Description: A protein or a member of a complex that interacts specifically and non-covalently with a DNA-bound DNA-binding transcription factor to either activate or repress the transcription of specific genes. Coregulators often act by altering chromatin structure and modifications. For example, one class of transcription coregulators modifies chromatin structure through covalent modification of histones. A second ATP-dependent class modifies the conformation of chromatin. A third class modulates interactions of DNA-binding transcription factor with other transcription coregulators.
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GO Term
GO:0004402 | histone acetyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: acetyl-CoA + histone = CoA + acetyl-histone.
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GO Term
GO:0005388 | calcium transmembrane transporter activity, phosphorylative mechanism
Description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + Ca2+(cis) = ADP + phosphate + Ca2+(trans).
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GO Term
GO:0005516 | calmodulin binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calmodulin, a calcium-binding protein with many roles, both in the calcium-bound and calcium-free states.
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GO Term
GO:0070588 | calcium ion transmembrane transport
Description: A process in which a calcium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
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GO Term
GO:0005741 | mitochondrial outer membrane
Description: The outer, i.e. cytoplasm-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope.
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GO Term
GO:0000103 | sulfate assimilation
Description: The pathways by which inorganic sulfate is processed and incorporated into sulfated compounds.
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GO Term
GO:0004020 | adenylylsulfate kinase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + adenylylsulfate = ADP + 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate.
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GO Term
GO:0008083 | growth factor activity
Description: The function that stimulates a cell to grow or proliferate. Most growth factors have other actions besides the induction of cell growth or proliferation.
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GO Term
GO:0008283 | cell population proliferation
Description: The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population.
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GO Term
GO:0006108 | malate metabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving malate, the anion of hydroxybutanedioic acid, a chiral hydroxydicarboxylic acid. The (+) enantiomer is an important intermediate in metabolism as a component of both the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate cycle.
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GO Term
GO:0016615 | malate dehydrogenase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reversible conversion of pyruvate or oxaloacetate to malate.
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GO Term
GO:0030060 | L-malate dehydrogenase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-malate + NAD+ = oxaloacetate + NADH + H+.
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GO Term
GO:0015743 | malate transport
Description: The directed movement of malate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
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GO Term
GO:0016226 | iron-sulfur cluster assembly
Description: The incorporation of iron and exogenous sulfur into a metallo-sulfur cluster.
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GO Term
GO:0005960 | glycine cleavage complex
Description: A protein complex that catalyzes the reversible oxidation of glycine. In E. coli, it has four components: dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase, glycine dehydrogenase (decarboxylating), lipoyl-GcvH-protein and aminomethyltransferase, also known as L, P, H, and T.
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GO Term
GO:0006546 | glycine catabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycine, aminoethanoic acid.
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GO Term
GO:0019464 | glycine decarboxylation via glycine cleavage system
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycine by oxidative cleavage to carbon dioxide, ammonia, and a methylene group, mediated by enzymes of the glycine cleavage complex.
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