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Search results 1 to 100 out of 44733 for *

Category restricted to GOTerm (x)

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Category: GOTerm
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Type Details Score
GO Term
GO:0000166 | nucleotide binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a nucleotide, any compound consisting of a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the ribose or deoxyribose.
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GO Term
GO:0003723 | RNA binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA molecule or a portion thereof.
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GO Term
GO:0005634 | nucleus
Description: A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent.
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GO Term
GO:0006396 | RNA processing
Description: Any process involved in the conversion of one or more primary RNA transcripts into one or more mature RNA molecules.
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GO Term
GO:0005515 | protein binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).
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GO Term
GO:0005488 | binding
Description: The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule.
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GO Term
GO:0005506 | iron ion binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with iron (Fe) ions.
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GO Term
GO:0016165 | linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: linoleate + O2 = (9Z,11E)-(13S)-13-hydroperoxyoctadeca-9,11-dienoate.
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GO Term
GO:0016702 | oxidoreductase activity, acting on single donors with incorporation of molecular oxygen, incorporation of two atoms of oxygen
Description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from one donor, and two oxygen atoms is incorporated into a donor.
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GO Term
GO:0046872 | metal ion binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any metal ion.
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GO Term
GO:0055114 | oxidation-reduction process
Description: A metabolic process that results in the removal or addition of one or more electrons to or from a substance, with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons.
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GO Term
GO:0015079 | potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity
Description: Enables the transfer of potassium ions (K+) from one side of a membrane to the other.
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GO Term
GO:0016020 | membrane
Description: A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it.
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GO Term
GO:0071805 | potassium ion transmembrane transport
Description: A process in which a potassium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other.
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GO Term
GO:0006629 | lipid metabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. Includes fatty acids; neutral fats, other fatty-acid esters, and soaps; long-chain (fatty) alcohols and waxes; sphingoids and other long-chain bases; glycolipids, phospholipids and sphingolipids; and carotenes, polyprenols, sterols, terpenes and other isoprenoids.
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GO Term
GO:0016787 | hydrolase activity
Description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.
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GO Term
GO:0016788 | hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds
Description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of any ester bond.
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GO Term
GO:0003677 | DNA binding
Description: Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
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GO Term
GO:0003700 | DNA-binding transcription factor activity
Description: A protein or a member of a complex that interacts selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence (sometimes referred to as a motif) within the regulatory region of a gene to modulate transcription. Regulatory regions include promoters (proximal and distal) and enhancers. Genes are transcriptional units, and include bacterial operons.
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GO Term
GO:0006355 | regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
Description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
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GO Term
GO:0004252 | serine-type endopeptidase activity
Description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine).
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GO Term
GO:0006508 | proteolysis
Description: The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds.
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GO Term
GO:0042802 | identical protein binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an identical protein or proteins.
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GO Term
GO:0043086 | negative regulation of catalytic activity
Description: Any process that stops or reduces the activity of an enzyme.
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GO Term
GO:0044237 | cellular metabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances.
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GO Term
GO:0005524 | ATP binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
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GO Term
GO:0005737 | cytoplasm
Description: All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.
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GO Term
GO:0017111 | nucleoside-triphosphatase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: a nucleoside triphosphate + H2O = nucleoside diphosphate + phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0030163 | protein catabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein by the destruction of the native, active configuration, with or without the hydrolysis of peptide bonds.
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GO Term
GO:0004672 | protein kinase activity
Description: Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP.
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GO Term
GO:0006468 | protein phosphorylation
Description: The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein.
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GO Term
GO:0016772 | transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups
Description: Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
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GO Term
GO:0006812 | cation transport
Description: The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
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GO Term
GO:0016021 | integral component of membrane
Description: The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane.
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GO Term
GO:0019829 | ATPase-coupled cation transmembrane transporter activity
Description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + cation(out) = ADP + phosphate + cation(in).
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GO Term
GO:0009765 | photosynthesis, light harvesting
Description: Absorption and transfer of the energy absorbed from light photons between photosystem reaction centers.
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GO Term
GO:0003676 | nucleic acid binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid.
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GO Term
GO:0004386 | helicase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate, to drive the unwinding of a DNA or RNA helix.
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GO Term
GO:0016891 | endoribonuclease activity, producing 5'-phosphomonoesters
Description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within ribonucleic acids by creating internal breaks to yield 5'-phosphomonoesters.
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GO Term
GO:0004525 | ribonuclease III activity
Description: Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA with 5'-phosphomonoesters and 3'-OH termini; makes two staggered cuts in both strands of dsRNA, leaving a 3' overhang of 2 nt.
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GO Term
GO:0000287 | magnesium ion binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with magnesium (Mg) ions.
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GO Term
GO:0004427 | inorganic diphosphatase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: diphosphate + H(2)O = H(+) + 2 phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0006796 | phosphate-containing compound metabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the phosphate group, the anion or salt of any phosphoric acid.
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GO Term
GO:0000156 | phosphorelay response regulator activity
Description: Responds to a phosphorelay sensor to initiate a change in cell state or activity. The activity of the response regulator is regulated by transfer of a phosphate from a histidine residue in the sensor, to an aspartate residue in the response regulator. Many but not all response regulators act as transcriptional regulators to elicit a response.
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GO Term
GO:0000160 | phosphorelay signal transduction system
Description: A conserved series of molecular signals found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes; involves autophosphorylation of a histidine kinase and the transfer of the phosphate group to an aspartate that then acts as a phospho-donor to response regulator proteins.
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GO Term
GO:0003735 | structural constituent of ribosome
Description: The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of the ribosome.
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GO Term
GO:0005622 | intracellular
Description: The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm.
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GO Term
GO:0005840 | ribosome
Description: An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins.
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GO Term
GO:0006414 | translational elongation
Description: The successive addition of amino acid residues to a nascent polypeptide chain during protein biosynthesis.
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GO Term
GO:0003824 | catalytic activity
Description: Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic.
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GO Term
GO:0006633 | fatty acid biosynthetic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a fatty acid, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes.
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GO Term
GO:0008152 | metabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation.
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GO Term
GO:0008610 | lipid biosynthetic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipids, compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent.
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GO Term
GO:0016747 | transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups
Description: Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group, other than amino-acyl, from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
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GO Term
GO:0007165 | signal transduction
Description: The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell.
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GO Term
GO:0020037 | heme binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring.
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GO Term
GO:0008270 | zinc ion binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with zinc (Zn) ions.
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GO Term
GO:0008759 | UDP-3-O-[3-hydroxymyristoyl] N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase activity
Description: Catalysis of the removal of an acetyl group from the 2-N position of glucosamine in the lipid A precursor UDP-3-O-(R-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-N-acetylglucosamine.
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GO Term
GO:0009245 | lipid A biosynthetic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipid A, the glycolipid group of bacterial lipopolysaccharides, consisting of four to six fatty acyl chains linked to two glucosamine residues. Further modifications of the backbone are common.
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GO Term
GO:0015986 | ATP synthesis coupled proton transport
Description: The transport of protons across a membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis.
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GO Term
GO:0046933 | proton-transporting ATP synthase activity, rotational mechanism
Description: Enables the transfer of protons from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ADP + H2O + phosphate + H+(in) = ATP + H+(out), by a rotational mechanism.
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GO Term
GO:0005509 | calcium ion binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcium ions (Ca2+).
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GO Term
GO:0016301 | kinase activity
Description: Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule.
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GO Term
GO:0016773 | phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor
Description: Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphorus-containing group from one compound (donor) to an alcohol group (acceptor).
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GO Term
GO:0006511 | ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the protein.
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GO Term
GO:0003682 | chromatin binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chromatin, the network of fibers of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that make up the chromosomes of the eukaryotic nucleus during interphase.
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GO Term
GO:0009725 | response to hormone
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hormone stimulus.
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GO Term
GO:0046983 | protein dimerization activity
Description: The formation of a protein dimer, a macromolecular structure consists of two noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits.
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GO Term
GO:0003713 | transcription coactivator activity
Description: A protein or a member of a complex that interacts specifically and non-covalently with a DNA-bound DNA-binding transcription factor to activate the transcription of specific genes. Coactivators often act by altering chromatin structure and modifications. For example, one class of transcription coregulators modifies chromatin structure through covalent modification of histones. A second ATP-dependent class modifies the conformation of chromatin. Another type of coregulator activity is the bridging of a DNA-binding transcription factor to the basal transcription machinery. The Mediator complex, which bridges transcription factors and RNA polymerase, is also a transcription coactivator.
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GO Term
GO:0004190 | aspartic-type endopeptidase activity
Description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which a water molecule bound by the side chains of aspartic residues at the active center acts as a nucleophile.
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GO Term
GO:0004842 | ubiquitin-protein transferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the transfer of ubiquitin from one protein to another via the reaction X-Ub + Y --> Y-Ub + X, where both X-Ub and Y-Ub are covalent linkages.
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GO Term
GO:0007275 | multicellular organism development
Description: The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult).
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GO Term
GO:0016567 | protein ubiquitination
Description: The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein.
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GO Term
GO:0030247 | polysaccharide binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any polysaccharide, a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically.
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GO Term
GO:0006869 | lipid transport
Description: The directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lipids are compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent.
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GO Term
GO:0008289 | lipid binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a lipid.
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GO Term
GO:0043565 | sequence-specific DNA binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with DNA of a specific nucleotide composition, e.g. GC-rich DNA binding, or with a specific sequence motif or type of DNA e.g. promotor binding or rDNA binding.
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GO Term
GO:0050662 | coenzyme binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a coenzyme, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed.
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GO Term
GO:0016758 | transferase activity, transferring hexosyl groups
Description: Catalysis of the transfer of a hexosyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor).
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GO Term
GO:0005789 | endoplasmic reticulum membrane
Description: The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum.
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GO Term
GO:0006506 | GPI anchor biosynthetic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor that attaches some membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. The phosphatidylinositol group is linked via the C-6 hydroxyl residue of inositol to a carbohydrate chain which is itself linked to the protein via an ethanolamine phosphate group, its amino group forming an amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein. Some GPI anchors have variants on this canonical linkage.
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GO Term
GO:0055085 | transmembrane transport
Description: The process in which a solute is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other.
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GO Term
GO:0000139 | Golgi membrane
Description: The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus.
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GO Term
GO:0005351 | carbohydrate:proton symporter activity
Description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: sugar(out) + H+(out) = sugar(in) + H+(in).
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GO Term
GO:0008643 | carbohydrate transport
Description: The directed movement of carbohydrate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Carbohydrates are any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y.
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GO Term
GO:0000930 | gamma-tubulin complex
Description: A multiprotein complex composed of gamma-tubulin and other non-tubulin proteins. Gamma-tubulin complexes are localized to microtubule organizing centers, and play an important role in the nucleation of microtubules. The number and complexity of non-tubulin proteins associated with these complexes varies between species.
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GO Term
GO:0003924 | GTPase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0005525 | GTP binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with GTP, guanosine triphosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0005874 | microtubule
Description: Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle.
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GO Term
GO:0007017 | microtubule-based process
Description: Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the microtubule cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising microtubules and their associated proteins.
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GO Term
GO:0007020 | microtubule nucleation
Description: The process in which tubulin alpha-beta heterodimers begin aggregation to form an oligomeric tubulin structure (a microtubule seed). Microtubule nucleation is the initiating step in the formation of a microtubule in the absence of any existing microtubules ('de novo' microtubule formation).
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GO Term
GO:0031122 | cytoplasmic microtubule organization
Description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures formed of microtubules and associated proteins in the cytoplasm of a cell.
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GO Term
GO:0051258 | protein polymerization
Description: The process of creating protein polymers, compounds composed of a large number of component monomers; polymeric proteins may be made up of different or identical monomers. Polymerization occurs by the addition of extra monomers to an existing poly- or oligomeric protein.
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GO Term
GO:0016881 | acid-amino acid ligase activity
Description: Catalysis of the ligation of an acid to an amino acid via a carbon-nitrogen bond, with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0005975 | carbohydrate metabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y. Includes the formation of carbohydrate derivatives by the addition of a carbohydrate residue to another molecule.
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GO Term
GO:0016853 | isomerase activity
Description: Catalysis of the geometric or structural changes within one molecule. Isomerase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 5.
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GO Term
GO:0030246 | carbohydrate binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates.
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GO Term
GO:0006351 | transcription, DNA-templated
Description: The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA.
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GO Term
GO:0003743 | translation initiation factor activity
Description: Functions in the initiation of ribosome-mediated translation of mRNA into a polypeptide.
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GO Term
GO:0006413 | translational initiation
Description: The process preceding formation of the peptide bond between the first two amino acids of a protein. This includes the formation of a complex of the ribosome, mRNA or circRNA, and an initiation complex that contains the first aminoacyl-tRNA.
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