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Search results 42001 to 42100 out of 44733 for *

Category restricted to GOTerm (x)

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Categories

Category: GOTerm
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Type Details Score
GO Term
GO:0051988 | regulation of attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore
Description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the attachment of spindle microtubules to the kinetochore.
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GO Term
GO:0005227 | calcium activated cation channel activity
Description: Enables the calcium concentration-regulatable energy-independent passage of cations across a lipid bilayer down a concentration gradient.
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GO Term
GO:0030317 | flagellated sperm motility
Description: Any process involved in the controlled movement of a flagellated sperm cell.
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GO Term
GO:0014032 | neural crest cell development
Description: The process aimed at the progression of a neural crest cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell.
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GO Term
GO:0004693 | cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reactions: ATP + protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate. This reaction requires the binding of a regulatory cyclin subunit and full activity requires stimulatory phosphorylation by a CDK-activating kinase (CAK).
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GO Term
GO:0043697 | cell dedifferentiation
Description: The process in which a specialized cell loses the structural or functional features that characterize it in the mature organism, or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Under certain conditions, these cells can revert back to the features of the stem cells that were their ancestors.
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GO Term
GO:0022832 | voltage-gated channel activity
Description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.
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GO Term
GO:0008995 | ribonuclease E activity
Description: Catalysis of the cleavage of single-stranded RNA that is monophosphorylated at its 5'-end; cleavage occurs predominantly at 5 nucleotides from the 5'-end and in A + U-rich regions, and is blocked by the presence of a 5'-triphosphate group.
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GO Term
GO:0005657 | replication fork
Description: The Y-shaped region of a replicating DNA molecule, resulting from the separation of the DNA strands and in which the synthesis of new strands takes place. Also includes associated protein complexes.
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GO Term
GO:0018293 | protein-FAD linkage
Description: The formation of a linkage between a protein amino acid and flavin-adenine dinucleotide (FAD).
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GO Term
GO:0032183 | SUMO binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the small ubiquitin-like protein SUMO.
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GO Term
GO:0031213 | RSF complex
Description: An ISWI complex that contains an ATPase subunit of the ISWI family (SNF2H in mammals) and an RSF1 homolog. It mediates nucleosome deposition and generates regularly spaced nucleosome arrays. In mammals, RSF is involved in regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoters).
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GO Term
GO:0006689 | ganglioside catabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ganglioside, a ceramide oligosaccharide carrying, in addition to other sugar residues, one or more sialic residues.
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GO Term
GO:0046600 | negative regulation of centriole replication
Description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of centriole replication.
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GO Term
GO:0006384 | transcription initiation from RNA polymerase III promoter
Description: Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase III preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase III promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. Promoter clearance, or release, is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription.
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GO Term
GO:0002218 | activation of innate immune response
Description: Any process that initiates an innate immune response. Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens. Examples of this process include activation of the hypersensitive response of Arabidopsis thaliana and activation of any NOD or TLR signaling pathway in vertebrate species.
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GO Term
GO:0032481 | positive regulation of type I interferon production
Description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of type I interferon production. Type I interferons include the interferon-alpha, beta, delta, episilon, zeta, kappa, tau, and omega gene families.
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GO Term
GO:0006893 | Golgi to plasma membrane transport
Description: The directed movement of substances from the Golgi to the plasma membrane in transport vesicles that move from the trans-Golgi network to the plasma membrane, where they fuse and release their contents by exocytosis.
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GO Term
GO:0007259 | receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT
Description: Any process in which STAT proteins (Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription) and JAK (Janus Activated Kinase) proteins convey a signal to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. The receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT begins with activation of a receptor and proceeeds through STAT protein activation by members of the JAK family of tyrosine kinases. STAT proteins dimerize and subsequently translocate to the nucleus. The pathway ends with regulation of target gene expression by STAT proteins.
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GO Term
GO:0050778 | positive regulation of immune response
Description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response, the immunological reaction of an organism to an immunogenic stimulus.
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GO Term
GO:0042470 | melanosome
Description: A tissue-specific, membrane-bounded cytoplasmic organelle within which melanin pigments are synthesized and stored. Melanosomes are synthesized in melanocyte cells.
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GO Term
GO:0060478 | acrosomal vesicle exocytosis
Description: The calcium ion regulated exocytosis which results in fusion of the acrosomal vesicle with the plasma membrane of the sperm as part of the acrosome reaction.
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GO Term
GO:0043985 | histone H4-R3 methylation
Description: The modification of histone H4 by addition of a methyl group to arginine at position 3 of the histone.
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GO Term
GO:0071479 | cellular response to ionizing radiation
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ionizing radiation stimulus. Ionizing radiation is radiation with sufficient energy to remove electrons from atoms and may arise from spontaneous decay of unstable isotopes, resulting in alpha and beta particles and gamma rays. Ionizing radiation also includes X-rays.
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GO Term
GO:0030991 | intraciliary transport particle A
Description: The smaller subcomplex of the intraciliary transport particle; characterized complexes have molecular weights of 710-760 kDa.
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GO Term
GO:0061400 | positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to calcium ion
Description: Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter in response to a calcium ion stimulus.
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GO Term
GO:0030298 | receptor signaling protein tyrosine kinase activator activity
Description: Binds to and increases the activity of a receptor signaling protein tyrosine kinase.
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GO Term
GO:0030971 | receptor tyrosine kinase binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a receptor that possesses protein tyrosine kinase activity.
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GO Term
GO:0005244 | voltage-gated ion channel activity
Description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a voltage-gated channel. An ion is an atom or group of atoms carrying an electric charge by virtue of having gained or lost one or more electrons. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.
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GO Term
GO:0015721 | bile acid and bile salt transport
Description: The directed movement of bile acid and bile salts into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
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GO Term
GO:0030119 | AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex
Description: Any of several heterotetrameric complexes that link clathrin (or another coat-forming molecule, as hypothesized for AP-3 and AP-4) to a membrane surface; they are found on coated pits and coated vesicles, and mediate sorting of cargo proteins into vesicles. Each AP complex contains two large (a beta and one of either an alpha, gamma, delta, or epsilon) subunits (110-130 kDa), a medium (mu) subunit (approximately 50 kDa), and a small (sigma) subunit (15-20 kDa).
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GO Term
GO:0033739 | preQ1 synthase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: 7-aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine + 2 NADP(+) = 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine + 3 H(+) + 2 NADPH.
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GO Term
GO:0022872 | protein-N(PI)-phosphohistidine-mannitol phosphotransferase system transmembrane transporter activity
Description: Catalysis of the PEP-dependent, phosphoryl transfer-driven transport of substances across a membrane. The transport happens by catalysis of the reaction: protein N-phosphohistidine + mannitol(out) = protein histidine + mannitol phosphate(in). This differs from primary and secondary active transport in that the solute is modified during transport.
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GO Term
GO:0021987 | cerebral cortex development
Description: The progression of the cerebral cortex over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The cerebral cortex is the outer layered region of the telencephalon.
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GO Term
GO:0007600 | sensory perception
Description: The series of events required for an organism to receive a sensory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. This is a neurological process.
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GO Term
GO:0045494 | photoreceptor cell maintenance
Description: Any process preventing the degeneration of the photoreceptor, a specialized cell type that is sensitive to light.
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GO Term
GO:0000165 | MAPK cascade
Description: An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a MAPK, a MAPKK and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain an additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K. The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinase in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell.
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GO Term
GO:0050994 | regulation of lipid catabolic process
Description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipids.
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GO Term
GO:0004447 | iodide peroxidase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: iodide + hydrogen peroxide = iodine + 2 H2O.
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GO Term
GO:0006590 | thyroid hormone generation
Description: The formation of either of the compounds secreted by the thyroid gland, mainly thyroxine and triiodothyronine. This is achieved by the iodination and joining of tyrosine molecules to form the precursor thyroglobin, proteolysis of this precursor gives rise to the thyroid hormones.
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GO Term
GO:0030992 | intraciliary transport particle B
Description: The larger subcomplex of the intraciliary transport particle; characterized complexes have molecular weights around 550 kDa.
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GO Term
GO:0090537 | CERF complex
Description: An ISWI complex that contains an ATPase subunit of the ISWI family (specifically SNF2L in mammals, which contain two ISWI homologs) and a CECR2 homolog. In mammals, CERF is involved in regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoters.
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GO Term
GO:0006113 | fermentation
Description: The anaerobic enzymatic conversion of organic compounds, especially carbohydrates, coupling the oxidation and reduction of NAD/H and the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
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GO Term
GO:0003341 | cilium movement
Description: The directed, self-propelled movement of a cilium.
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GO Term
GO:0005929 | cilium
Description: A specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface and of some cytoplasmic parts. Each cilium is largely bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic (plasma) membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored to a basal body.
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GO Term
GO:0007423 | sensory organ development
Description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of sensory organs over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
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GO Term
GO:0032456 | endocytic recycling
Description: The directed movement of membrane-bounded vesicles from recycling endosomes back to the plasma membrane where they are recycled for further rounds of transport.
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GO Term
GO:0008761 | UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine = UDP-N-acetyl-D-mannosamine.
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GO Term
GO:0090090 | negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway
Description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes.
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GO Term
GO:0097730 | non-motile cilium
Description: A cilium which may have a variable array of axonemal microtubules but does not contain molecular motors.
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GO Term
GO:0007346 | regulation of mitotic cell cycle
Description: Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progress through the mitotic cell cycle.
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GO Term
GO:0072331 | signal transduction by p53 class mediator
Description: An intracellular signaling process that is induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53 or an equivalent protein.
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GO Term
GO:0002467 | germinal center formation
Description: The process in which germinal centers form. A germinal center is a specialized microenvironment formed when activated B cells enter lymphoid follicles. Germinal centers are the foci for B cell proliferation and somatic hypermutation.
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GO Term
GO:0003382 | epithelial cell morphogenesis
Description: The change in form that occurs when an epithelial cell progresses from its initial formation to its mature state.
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GO Term
GO:0030277 | maintenance of gastrointestinal epithelium
Description: Protection of epithelial surfaces of the gastrointestinal tract from proteolytic and caustic digestive agents.
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GO Term
GO:0005770 | late endosome
Description: A prelysosomal endocytic organelle differentiated from early endosomes by lower lumenal pH and different protein composition. Late endosomes are more spherical than early endosomes and are mostly juxtanuclear, being concentrated near the microtubule organizing center.
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GO Term
GO:0016413 | O-acetyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the transfer of an acetyl group to an oxygen atom on the acceptor molecule.
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GO Term
GO:0047262 | polygalacturonate 4-alpha-galacturonosyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: UDP-D-galacturonate + 1,4-alpha-D-galacturonosyl(n) = 1,4-alpha-D-galacturonosyl(n+1) + UDP.
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GO Term
GO:0033038 | bitter taste receptor activity
Description: Combining with soluble bitter compounds to initiate a change in cell activity. These receptors are responsible for the sense of bitter taste.
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GO Term
GO:0001580 | detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste
Description: The series of events required for a bitter taste stimulus to be received and converted to a molecular signal.
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GO Term
GO:0006873 | cellular ion homeostasis
Description: Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of ions at the level of a cell.
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GO Term
GO:0015140 | malate transmembrane transporter activity
Description: Enables the transfer of malate from one side of a membrane to the other. Malate is a chiral hydroxydicarboxylic acid, hydroxybutanedioic acid. The (+) enantiomer is an important intermediate in metabolism as a component of both the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate cycle.
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GO Term
GO:0071423 | malate transmembrane transport
Description: A process in which a malate ion is transported across a membrane.
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GO Term
GO:1990195 | macrolide transmembrane transporter complex
Description: A bacterial transmembrane transporter complex that spans the entire cell membrane system and possesses ATP-dependent xenobiotic transport activity pumping drugs (typically antibiotics) and other toxins directly from the cytosol out of the bacterial cell. Typically, it is trimeric consisting of a inner membrane ATPase (IMP), a periplasmic membrane fusion protein (MFP) and an outer membrane factor (OMF). In E. coli, macrolide transporter complexes may consists of MacB (IMP), MacA (MFP) and TolC (OMF) or AcrB (IMP), AcrA (MFP) and TolC (OMF). Trimeric TolC is a common OMF found in many macrolide transporter complexes.
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GO Term
GO:0015209 | cytosine transmembrane transporter activity
Description: Enables the transfer of cytosine, 4-amino-2-hydroxypyrimidine from one side of a membrane to the other.
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GO Term
GO:0071470 | cellular response to osmotic stress
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating an increase or decrease in the concentration of solutes outside the organism or cell.
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GO Term
GO:0060315 | negative regulation of ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity
Description: Any process that decreases the activity of a ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel. The ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel catalyzes the transmembrane transfer of a calcium ion by a channel that opens when a ryanodine class ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts.
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GO Term
GO:1902476 | chloride transmembrane transport
Description: The process in which chloride is transported across a membrane.
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GO Term
GO:0005635 | nuclear envelope
Description: The double lipid bilayer enclosing the nucleus and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space, a gap of width 20-40 nm (also called the perinuclear space).
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GO Term
GO:0007249 | I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling
Description: The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell through the I-kappaB-kinase (IKK)-dependent activation of NF-kappaB. The cascade begins with activation of a trimeric IKK complex (consisting of catalytic kinase subunits IKKalpha and/or IKKbeta, and the regulatory scaffold protein NEMO) and ends with the regulation of transcription of target genes by NF-kappaB. In a resting state, NF-kappaB dimers are bound to I-kappaB proteins, sequestering NF-kappaB in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of I-kappaB targets I-kappaB for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thus releasing the NF-kappaB dimers, which can translocate to the nucleus to bind DNA and regulate transcription.
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GO Term
GO:0031440 | regulation of mRNA 3'-end processing
Description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mRNA 3'-end processing, any process involved in forming the mature 3' end of an mRNA molecule.
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GO Term
GO:0031151 | histone methyltransferase activity (H3-K79 specific)
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone H3 L-lysine (position 79) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + histone H3 N6-methyl-L-lysine (position 79). This reaction is the addition of a methyl group onto lysine at position 79 of the histone H3 protein.
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GO Term
GO:0035735 | intraciliary transport involved in cilium assembly
Description: The bidirectional movement of large protein complexes along microtubules within a cilium that contributes to cilium assembly.
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GO Term
GO:0009008 | DNA-methyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to a DNA molecule.
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GO Term
GO:0035591 | signaling adaptor activity
Description: The binding activity of a molecule that brings together two or more molecules in a signaling pathway, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way. Adaptor molecules themselves do not have catalytic activity.
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GO Term
GO:0033063 | Rad51B-Rad51C-Rad51D-XRCC2 complex
Description: A DNA recombinase mediator complex that contains the Rad51 paralogs RAD51B, RAD51C, RAD51D, and XRCC2, or orthologs thereof.
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GO Term
GO:0019985 | translesion synthesis
Description: The replication of damaged DNA by synthesis across a lesion in the template strand; a specialized DNA polymerase or replication complex inserts a defined nucleotide across from the lesion which allows DNA synthesis to continue beyond the lesion. This process can be mutagenic depending on the damaged nucleotide and the inserted nucleotide.
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GO Term
GO:0016035 | zeta DNA polymerase complex
Description: A heterodimeric DNA polymerase complex that catalyzes error-prone DNA synthesis in contexts such as translesion synthesis and double-stranded break repair. First characterized in Saccharomyces, in which the subunits are Rev3p and Rev7p; a third protein, Rev1p, is often associated with the polymerase dimer.
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GO Term
GO:0052866 | phosphatidylinositol phosphate phosphatase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylinositol phosphate(n) + H2O = phosphatidylinositol phosphate(n-1) + phosphate. This reaction is the removal of a phosphate group from a phosphatidylinositol phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0031463 | Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
Description: A ubiquitin ligase complex in which a cullin from the Cul3 subfamily and a RING domain protein form the catalytic core; substrate specificity is conferred by a BTB-domain-containing protein.
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GO Term
GO:2000312 | regulation of kainate selective glutamate receptor activity
Description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of kainate selective glutamate receptor activity.
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GO Term
GO:0001933 | negative regulation of protein phosphorylation
Description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein.
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GO Term
GO:0000212 | meiotic spindle organization
Description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the microtubule spindle during a meiotic cell cycle.
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GO Term
GO:0007100 | mitotic centrosome separation
Description: Separation of duplicated centrosome components at the beginning of mitosis. The centriole pair within each centrosome becomes part of a separate microtubule organizing center that nucleates a radial array of microtubules called an aster. The two asters move to opposite sides of the nucleus to form the two poles of the mitotic spindle.
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GO Term
GO:0008307 | structural constituent of muscle
Description: The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a muscle fiber.
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GO Term
GO:0045104 | intermediate filament cytoskeleton organization
Description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising intermediate filaments and their associated proteins.
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GO Term
GO:0031848 | protection from non-homologous end joining at telomere
Description: A process that prevents non-homologous end joining at telomere, thereby ensuring that telomeres do not fuse.
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GO Term
GO:0052381 | tRNA dimethylallyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: dimethylallyl diphosphate + tRNA = diphosphate + tRNA containing 6-dimethylallyladenosine.
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GO Term
GO:0015424 | ATPase-coupled amino acid transmembrane transporter activity
Description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + amino acid(out/in) = ADP + phosphate + amino acid(in/out).
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GO Term
GO:0008123 | cholesterol 7-alpha-monooxygenase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: cholesterol + NADPH + H+ + O2 = 7-alpha-hydroxycholesterol + NADP+ + H2O.
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GO Term
GO:0006699 | bile acid biosynthetic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bile acids, any of a group of steroid carboxylic acids occurring in bile.
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GO Term
GO:0006707 | cholesterol catabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones.
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GO Term
GO:0071333 | cellular response to glucose stimulus
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glucose stimulus.
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GO Term
GO:0005981 | regulation of glycogen catabolic process
Description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycogen.
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GO Term
GO:0000164 | protein phosphatase type 1 complex
Description: A protein complex that possesses magnesium-dependent protein serine/threonine phosphatase (AMD phosphatase) activity, and consists of a catalytic subunit and one or more regulatory subunits that dictates the phosphatase's substrate specificity, function, and activity.
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GO Term
GO:0034736 | cholesterol O-acyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: acyl-CoA + cholesterol = a cholesterol ester + CoA.
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GO Term
GO:0031982 | vesicle
Description: Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by membrane.
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GO Term
GO:0006895 | Golgi to endosome transport
Description: The directed movement of substances from the Golgi to early sorting endosomes. Clathrin vesicles transport substances from the trans-Golgi to endosomes.
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GO Term
GO:0090382 | phagosome maturation
Description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the arrangement of constituent parts of a phagosome within a cell. Phagosome maturation begins with endocytosis and formation of the early phagosome and ends with the formation of the hybrid organelle, the phagolysosome.
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GO Term
GO:0045335 | phagocytic vesicle
Description: A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle that arises from the ingestion of particulate material by phagocytosis.
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