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Search results 1701 to 1800 out of 44733 for *

Category restricted to GOTerm (x)

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Categories

Category: GOTerm
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Type Details Score
GO Term
GO:0051301 | cell division
Description: The process resulting in division and partitioning of components of a cell to form more cells; may or may not be accompanied by the physical separation of a cell into distinct, individually membrane-bounded daughter cells.
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GO Term
GO:0004829 | threonine-tRNA ligase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-threonine + tRNA(Thr) = AMP + diphosphate + L-threonyl-tRNA(Thr).
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GO Term
GO:0006435 | threonyl-tRNA aminoacylation
Description: The process of coupling threonine to threonyl-tRNA, catalyzed by threonyl-tRNA synthetase. The threonyl-tRNA synthetase is a class-II synthetase. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 3'-OH group of a threonine-accetping tRNA.
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GO Term
GO:0004641 | phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine cyclo-ligase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2-(formamido)-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidine + ATP = 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0046406 | magnesium protoporphyrin IX methyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) + magnesium protoporphyrin IX = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H(+) + magnesium protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester.
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GO Term
GO:0003922 | GMP synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + XMP + L-glutamine + H2O = AMP + diphosphate + GMP + L-glutamate + 2H(+).
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GO Term
GO:0006177 | GMP biosynthetic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of GMP, guanosine monophosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0008360 | regulation of cell shape
Description: Any process that modulates the surface configuration of a cell.
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GO Term
GO:0004555 | alpha,alpha-trehalase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: alpha,alpha-trehalose + H2O = 2 D-glucose.
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GO Term
GO:0005991 | trehalose metabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving trehalose, a disaccharide isomeric with sucrose and obtained from certain lichens and fungi.
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GO Term
GO:0000045 | autophagosome assembly
Description: The formation of a double membrane-bounded structure, the autophagosome, that occurs when a specialized membrane sac, called the isolation membrane, starts to enclose a portion of the cytoplasm.
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GO Term
GO:0000124 | SAGA complex
Description: A SAGA-type histone acetyltransferase complex that contains Spt8 (in budding yeast) or a homolog thereof; additional polypeptides include Spt group, consisting of Spt7, Spt3, and Spt20/Ada5, which interact with the TATA-binding protein (TBP); the Ada group, consisting of Ada1, Ada2, Ada3, Ada4/Gcn5, and Ada5/Spt20, which is functionally linked to the nucleosomal HAT activity; Tra1, an ATM/PI-3 kinase-related protein that targets DNA-bound activators for recruitment to promoters; the TBP-associated factor (TAF) proteins, consisting of Taf5, Taf6, Taf9, Taf10, and Taf12, which mediate nucleosomal HAT activity and are thought to help recruit the basal transcription machinery; the ubiquitin specifc protease Ubp-8.
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GO Term
GO:0048278 | vesicle docking
Description: The initial attachment of a transport vesicle membrane to the target membrane, mediated by proteins protruding from the membrane of the vesicle and the target membrane. Docking requires only that the two membranes come close enough for these proteins to interact and adhere.
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GO Term
GO:0043231 | intracellular membrane-bounded organelle
Description: Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane.
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GO Term
GO:0019104 | DNA N-glycosylase activity
Description: Catalysis of the removal of damaged bases by cleaving the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the target damaged DNA base and the deoxyribose sugar. The reaction releases a free base and leaves an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site.
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GO Term
GO:0004644 | phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: 10-formyltetrahydrofolate + N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide = tetrahydrofolate + N2-formyl-N1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide.
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GO Term
GO:0031429 | box H/ACA snoRNP complex
Description: A box H/ACA RNP complex that is located in the nucleolus.
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GO Term
GO:0035064 | methylated histone binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a histone in which a residue has been modified by methylation. Histones are any of a group of water-soluble proteins found in association with the DNA of eukaroytic chromosomes.
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GO Term
GO:0051028 | mRNA transport
Description: The directed movement of mRNA, messenger ribonucleic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
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GO Term
GO:0000244 | spliceosomal tri-snRNP complex assembly
Description: The formation of a tri-snRNP complex containing U4 and U6 (or U4atac and U6atac) snRNAs and U5 snRNAs and associated proteins. This includes reannealing of U4 and U6 (or U4atac and U6atac) snRNAs released from previous rounds of splicing to reform the U4/U6 snRNP (or U4atac/U6atac snRNP) as well as the subsequent association of the U5 snRNP with the U4/U6 snRNP (or U4atac/U6atac snRNP) to form a tri-snRNP that is ready to reassemble into another spliceosome complex.
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GO Term
GO:0043461 | proton-transporting ATP synthase complex assembly
Description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a proton-transporting ATP synthase (also known as F-type ATPase), a two-sector ATPase found in the inner membrane of mitochondria and chloroplasts, and in bacterial plasma membranes.
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GO Term
GO:0001682 | tRNA 5'-leader removal
Description: Generation of the mature 5'-end of the tRNA, usually via an endonucleolytic cleavage by RNase P.
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GO Term
GO:0004526 | ribonuclease P activity
Description: Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of RNA, removing 5' extra nucleotides from tRNA precursor.
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GO Term
GO:0046408 | chlorophyll synthetase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: chlorophyllide a + 2 H(+) + phytyl diphosphate = chlorophyll a + diphosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0004334 | fumarylacetoacetase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-fumarylacetoacetate + H(2)O = acetoacetate + fumarate + H(+).
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GO Term
GO:0009063 | cellular amino acid catabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of amino acids, organic acids containing one or more amino substituents.
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GO Term
GO:0000271 | polysaccharide biosynthetic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a polysaccharide, a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically.
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GO Term
GO:0032508 | DNA duplex unwinding
Description: The process in which interchain hydrogen bonds between two strands of DNA are broken or 'melted', generating a region of unpaired single strands.
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GO Term
GO:0004370 | glycerol kinase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + glycerol = sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + ADP + 2 H(+).
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GO Term
GO:0015846 | polyamine transport
Description: The directed movement of polyamines, organic compounds containing two or more amino groups, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
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GO Term
GO:0019808 | polyamine binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with polyamines, organic compounds containing two or more amino groups.
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GO Term
GO:0042597 | periplasmic space
Description: The region between the inner (cytoplasmic) and outer membrane (Gram-negative Bacteria) or cytoplasmic membrane and cell wall (Fungi and Gram-positive Bacteria).
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GO Term
GO:0008108 | UDP-glucose:hexose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate + UDP-D-glucose = alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate + UDP-D-galactose.
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GO Term
GO:0004400 | histidinol-phosphate transaminase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-histidinol-phosphate + 2-oxoglutarate = 3-(imidazol-4-yl)-2-oxopropyl phosphate + L-glutamate.
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GO Term
GO:0000918 | division septum site selection
Description: The process of marking the site where a division septum will form.
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GO Term
GO:0005847 | mRNA cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor complex
Description: A multisubunit complex that binds to the canonical AAUAAA hexamer and to U-rich upstream sequence elements on the pre-mRNA, thereby stimulating the otherwise weakly active and nonspecific polymerase to elongate efficiently RNAs containing a poly(A) signal.
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GO Term
GO:0005185 | neurohypophyseal hormone activity
Description: The action characteristic of a neurohypophyseal hormone, any of a family of structurally and functionally related nonapeptides that are synthesized as part of a larger precursor molecule comprising a signal peptide, the nonapeptide hormone, and a neurophysin.
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GO Term
GO:0042256 | mature ribosome assembly
Description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the large and small ribosomal subunits into a functional ribosome.
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GO Term
GO:0008987 | quinolinate synthetase A activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: iminoaspartate + dihydroxy-acetone-phosphate = quinolinate + 2 H2O + phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0009540 | zeaxanthin epoxidase [overall] activity
Description: Catalysis of the reactions: zeaxanthin + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = antheraxanthin + NAD(P)+ + H2O; and antheraxanthin + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = violaxanthin + NAD(P)+ + H2O.
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GO Term
GO:0009688 | abscisic acid biosynthetic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of abscisic acid, 5-(1-hydroxy-2,6,6,trimethyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-en-1-y1)-3-methylpenta-2,4-dienoic acid.
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GO Term
GO:0004888 | transmembrane signaling receptor activity
Description: Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity or state as part of signal transduction.
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GO Term
GO:0007166 | cell surface receptor signaling pathway
Description: A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription.
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GO Term
GO:0016558 | protein import into peroxisome matrix
Description: The import of proteins into the peroxisomal matrix. A peroxisome targeting signal (PTS) binds to a soluble receptor protein in the cytosol, and the resulting complex then binds to a receptor protein in the peroxisome membrane and is imported. The cargo protein is then released into the peroxisome matrix.
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GO Term
GO:0030337 | DNA polymerase processivity factor activity
Description: An enzyme regulator activity that increases the processivity of polymerization by DNA polymerase, by allowing the polymerase to move rapidly along DNA while remaining topologically bound to it.
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GO Term
GO:0043626 | PCNA complex
Description: A protein complex composed of three identical PCNA monomers, each comprising two similar domains, which are joined in a head-to-tail arrangement to form a homotrimer. Forms a ring-like structure in solution, with a central hole sufficiently large to accommodate the double helix of DNA. Originally characterized as a DNA sliding clamp for replicative DNA polymerases and as an essential component of the replisome, and has also been shown to be involved in other processes including Okazaki fragment processing, DNA repair, translesion DNA synthesis, DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling and cell cycle regulation.
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GO Term
GO:0019632 | shikimate metabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving shikimate, (3R,4S,5R)--3,4,5-trihydroxycyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylate, the anion of shikimic acid. It is an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids.
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GO Term
GO:0008474 | palmitoyl-(protein) hydrolase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: palmitoyl-protein + H2O = palmitate + protein.
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GO Term
GO:0008973 | phosphopentomutase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribose 1-phosphate = D-ribose 5-phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0008444 | CDP-diacylglycerol-glycerol-3-phosphate 3-phosphatidyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: sn-glycerol 3-phosphate + CDP-diacylglycerol = 3-(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate + CMP + H(+).
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GO Term
GO:0033588 | Elongator holoenzyme complex
Description: A heterohexameric protein complex that is involved in modification of wobble nucleosides in tRNA. The complex can associate physically with hyperphosphorylated RNA polymerase II; it contains two discrete heterotrimeric subcomplexes.
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GO Term
GO:0042623 | ATPase activity, coupled
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate; this reaction directly drives some other reaction, for example ion transport across a membrane.
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GO Term
GO:0043189 | H4/H2A histone acetyltransferase complex
Description: A multisubunit complex that catalyzes the acetylation of histones H4 and H2A.
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GO Term
GO:0048280 | vesicle fusion with Golgi apparatus
Description: The joining of the lipid bilayer membrane around a vesicle to the lipid bilayer membrane around the Golgi.
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GO Term
GO:0004750 | ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-ribulose 5-phosphate = D-xylulose 5-phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0003987 | acetate-CoA ligase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + acetate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + acetyl-CoA.
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GO Term
GO:0016208 | AMP binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with AMP, adenosine monophosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0019427 | acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process from acetate
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of acetyl-CoA from acetate, either directly or via acetylphosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0004333 | fumarate hydratase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-malate = fumarate + H(2)O.
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GO Term
GO:0006106 | fumarate metabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving fumarate, the anion of trans-1,2-ethenedicarboxylic acid, the diastereoisomer of maleate. It is a key intermediate in metabolism and is formed in the TCA cycle from succinate and converted into malate.
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GO Term
GO:0045239 | tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme complex
Description: Any of the heteromeric enzymes that act in the TCA cycle.
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GO Term
GO:0008897 | holo-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: CoA + substrate-serine = adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + substrate-serine-4'-phosphopantetheine. The transfer of the 4'-phosphopantetheine (Ppant) co-factor from coenzyme A to the hydroxyl side chain of the serine residue of acyl- or peptidyl-carrier protein (ACP or PCP) to convert them from the apo to the holo form.
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GO Term
GO:0051259 | protein complex oligomerization
Description: The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of component monomers; protein oligomers may be composed of different or identical monomers. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer.
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GO Term
GO:0006784 | heme a biosynthetic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of heme a, a derivative of heme found in cytochrome aa3.
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GO Term
GO:0030261 | chromosome condensation
Description: The progressive compaction of dispersed interphase chromatin into threadlike chromosomes prior to mitotic or meiotic nuclear division, or during apoptosis, in eukaryotic cells.
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GO Term
GO:0003690 | double-stranded DNA binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded DNA.
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GO Term
GO:0003954 | NADH dehydrogenase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: NADH + H+ + acceptor = NAD+ + reduced acceptor.
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GO Term
GO:0045980 | negative regulation of nucleotide metabolic process
Description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleotides.
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GO Term
GO:0004819 | glutamine-tRNA ligase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-glutamine + tRNA(Gln) = AMP + diphosphate + L-glutaminyl-tRNA(Gln).
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GO Term
GO:0006425 | glutaminyl-tRNA aminoacylation
Description: The process of coupling glutamine to glutaminyl-tRNA, catalyzed by glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase. The glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase is a class-I synthetase. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 2'-OH group of a glutamine-accetping tRNA. The 2'-O-aminoacyl-tRNA will ultimately migrate to the 3' position via transesterification.
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GO Term
GO:0004673 | protein histidine kinase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + protein L-histidine = ADP + protein phospho-L-histidine.
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GO Term
GO:0009873 | ethylene-activated signaling pathway
Description: A series of molecular signals generated by the reception of ethylene (ethene, C2H4) by a receptor and ending with modulation of a cellular process, e.g. transcription.
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GO Term
GO:0008569 | ATP-dependent microtubule motor activity, minus-end-directed
Description: Catalysis of movement along a microtubule toward the minus end, coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP.
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GO Term
GO:0003908 | methylated-DNA-[protein]-cysteine S-methyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: DNA (containing 6-O-methylguanine) + (protein)-L-cysteine = DNA (without 6-O-methylguanine) + protein S-methyl-L-cysteine.
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GO Term
GO:0070176 | DRM complex
Description: A transcriptional repressor complex that contains the lin-9, lin-35, lin-37, lin-52, lin-53, lin-5is involved in 4-, dpl-1 and efl-1 proteins, and is involved in cell fate specification.
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GO Term
GO:0009636 | response to toxic substance
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a toxic stimulus.
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GO Term
GO:0015643 | toxic substance binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a toxic substance, a poisonous substance that causes damage to biological systems.
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GO Term
GO:0031342 | negative regulation of cell killing
Description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell killing.
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GO Term
GO:0006851 | mitochondrial calcium ion transmembrane transport
Description: The process in which a calcium ion (Ca2+) is transported across a mitochondrial membrane, into or out of the mitochondrion.
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GO Term
GO:0042776 | mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled proton transport
Description: The transport of protons across a mitochondrial membrane to generate an electrochemical gradient (proton-motive force) that powers ATP synthesis.
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GO Term
GO:0045121 | membrane raft
Description: Any of the small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Small rafts can sometimes be stabilized to form larger platforms through protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions.
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GO Term
GO:0050852 | T cell receptor signaling pathway
Description: A series of molecular signals initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a T cell.
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GO Term
GO:0042157 | lipoprotein metabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving any conjugated, water-soluble protein in which the covalently attached nonprotein group consists of a lipid or lipids.
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GO Term
GO:0009297 | pilus assembly
Description: The assembly of a pilus, a short filamentous structure on a bacterial cell, flagella-like in structure and generally present in many copies. Pili are variously involved in transfer of nucleic acids, adherence to surfaces, and formation of pellicles. Is required for bacterial conjugation, or can play a role in adherence to surfaces (when it is called a fimbrium), and in the formation of pellicles.
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GO Term
GO:0030330 | DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator
Description: A cascade of processes induced by the cell cycle regulator phosphoprotein p53, or an equivalent protein, in response to the detection of DNA damage.
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GO Term
GO:0004114 | 3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic phosphate + H2O = nucleoside 5'-phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0006955 | immune response
Description: Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat.
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GO Term
GO:0019882 | antigen processing and presentation
Description: The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex.
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GO Term
GO:0042289 | MHC class II protein binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with major histocompatibility complex class II molecules; a set of molecules displayed on cell surfaces that are responsible for lymphocyte recognition and antigen presentation.
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GO Term
GO:0070205 | 2-succinyl-6-hydroxy-2,4-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxylate synthase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5-enolpyruvoyl-6-hydroxy-2-succinyl-cyclohex-3-ene-1-carboxylate = (1R,6R)-2-succinyl-6-hydroxycyclohexa-2,4-diene-1-carboxylate + pyruvate.
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GO Term
GO:0000176 | nuclear exosome (RNase complex)
Description: A ribonuclease complex that has 3-prime to 5-prime processive and distributive hydrolytic exoribonuclease activity and endoribonuclease activity, producing 5-prime-phosphomonoesters. Participates in a multitude of cellular RNA processing and degradation events preventing nuclear export and/or translation of aberrant RNAs. Restricted to processing linear and circular single-stranded RNAs (ssRNA) only. RNAs with complex secondary structures may have to be unwound or pre-processed by co-factors prior to entering the complex, esp if the 3-prime end is structured.
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GO Term
GO:0031124 | mRNA 3'-end processing
Description: Any process involved in forming the mature 3' end of an mRNA molecule.
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GO Term
GO:0004517 | nitric-oxide synthase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginine + n NADPH + n H+ + m O2 = citrulline + nitric oxide + n NADP+.
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GO Term
GO:0006809 | nitric oxide biosynthetic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nitric oxide, nitrogen monoxide (NO), a colorless gas only slightly soluble in water.
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GO Term
GO:0005179 | hormone activity
Description: The action characteristic of a hormone, any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action. The term was originally applied to agents with a stimulatory physiological action in vertebrate animals (as opposed to a chalone, which has a depressant action). Usage is now extended to regulatory compounds in lower animals and plants, and to synthetic substances having comparable effects; all bind receptors and trigger some biological process.
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GO Term
GO:0042301 | phosphate ion binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0050821 | protein stabilization
Description: Any process involved in maintaining the structure and integrity of a protein and preventing it from degradation or aggregation.
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GO Term
GO:0015232 | heme transporter activity
Description: Enables the directed movement of heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells.
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GO Term
GO:0015886 | heme transport
Description: The directed movement of heme, any compound of iron complexed in a porphyrin (tetrapyrrole) ring, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
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GO Term
GO:0009060 | aerobic respiration
Description: The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which requires oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor.
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USDA
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The Legume Information System (LIS) is a research project of the USDA-ARS:Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research in Ames, IA.
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