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Search results 201 to 300 out of 44733 for *

Category restricted to GOTerm (x)

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Category: GOTerm
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Type Details Score
GO Term
GO:0030418 | nicotianamine biosynthetic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of nicotianamine, 2(S),3'2(S),3''(S)-N-(N-(3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)-3-amino-3-carboxypropyl)-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid.
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GO Term
GO:0016192 | vesicle-mediated transport
Description: A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane.
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GO Term
GO:0016717 | oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with oxidation of a pair of donors resulting in the reduction of molecular oxygen to two molecules of water
Description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced to two molecules of water.
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GO Term
GO:0015074 | DNA integration
Description: The process in which a segment of DNA is incorporated into another, usually larger, DNA molecule such as a chromosome.
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GO Term
GO:0016706 | 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: A + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = B + succinate + CO2. This is an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from 2-oxoglutarate and one other donor, and one atom of oxygen is incorporated into each donor.
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GO Term
GO:0042393 | histone binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a histone, any of a group of water-soluble proteins found in association with the DNA of eukaroytic chromosomes. They are involved in the condensation and coiling of chromosomes during cell division and have also been implicated in nonspecific suppression of gene activity.
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GO Term
GO:0006816 | calcium ion transport
Description: The directed movement of calcium (Ca) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
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GO Term
GO:0008324 | cation transmembrane transporter activity
Description: Enables the transfer of cation from one side of a membrane to the other.
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GO Term
GO:0015369 | calcium:proton antiporter activity
Description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: Ca2+(in) + H+(out) = Ca2+(out) + H+(in).
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GO Term
GO:0008236 | serine-type peptidase activity
Description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine).
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GO Term
GO:0006298 | mismatch repair
Description: A system for the correction of errors in which an incorrect base, which cannot form hydrogen bonds with the corresponding base in the parent strand, is incorporated into the daughter strand. The mismatch repair system promotes genomic fidelity by repairing base-base mismatches, insertion-deletion loops and heterologies generated during DNA replication and recombination.
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GO Term
GO:0030983 | mismatched DNA binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with double-stranded DNA containing one or more mismatches.
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GO Term
GO:2001070 | starch binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with starch.
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GO Term
GO:0004713 | protein tyrosine kinase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + a protein tyrosine = ADP + protein tyrosine phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0005795 | Golgi stack
Description: The set of thin, flattened membrane-bounded compartments, called cisternae, that form the central portion of the Golgi complex. The stack usually comprises cis, medial, and trans cisternae; the cis- and trans-Golgi networks are not considered part of the stack.
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GO Term
GO:0008378 | galactosyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the transfer of a galactosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid.
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GO Term
GO:0003899 | DNA-directed 5'-3' RNA polymerase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: nucleoside triphosphate + RNA(n) = diphosphate + RNA(n+1). Utilizes a DNA template, i.e. the catalysis of DNA-template-directed extension of the 3'-end of an RNA strand by one nucleotide at a time. Can initiate a chain 'de novo'.
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GO Term
GO:0016705 | oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen
Description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from each of two donors, and molecular oxygen is reduced or incorporated into a donor.
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GO Term
GO:0005507 | copper ion binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with copper (Cu) ions.
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GO Term
GO:0046274 | lignin catabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lignins, a class of polymers of phenylpropanoid units.
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GO Term
GO:0048046 | apoplast
Description: The cell membranes and intracellular regions in a plant are connected through plasmodesmata, and plants may be described as having two major compartments: the living symplast and the non-living apoplast. The apoplast is external to the plasma membrane and includes cell walls, intercellular spaces and the lumen of dead structures such as xylem vessels. Water and solutes pass freely through it.
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GO Term
GO:0052716 | hydroquinone:oxygen oxidoreductase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4 hydroquinone + O2 = 4 benzosemiquinone + 4 H2O.
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GO Term
GO:0008898 | S-adenosylmethionine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + L-homocysteine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + L-methionine.
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GO Term
GO:0003910 | DNA ligase (ATP) activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + deoxyribonucleotide(n) + deoxyribonucleotide(m) = AMP + diphosphate + deoxyribonucleotide(n+m).
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GO Term
GO:0004484 | mRNA guanylyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + (5')pp-Pur-mRNA = diphosphate + G(5')ppp-Pur-mRNA; G(5')ppp-Pur-mRNA is mRNA containing a guanosine residue linked 5' through three phosphates to the 5' position of the terminal residue.
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GO Term
GO:0004651 | polynucleotide 5'-phosphatase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5'-phosphopolynucleotide + H2O = polynucleotide + phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0004725 | protein tyrosine phosphatase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0006310 | DNA recombination
Description: Any process in which a new genotype is formed by reassortment of genes resulting in gene combinations different from those that were present in the parents. In eukaryotes genetic recombination can occur by chromosome assortment, intrachromosomal recombination, or nonreciprocal interchromosomal recombination. Interchromosomal recombination occurs by crossing over. In bacteria it may occur by genetic transformation, conjugation, transduction, or F-duction.
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GO Term
GO:0006370 | 7-methylguanosine mRNA capping
Description: Addition of the 7-methylguanosine cap to the 5' end of a nascent messenger RNA transcript.
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GO Term
GO:0006397 | mRNA processing
Description: Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide.
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GO Term
GO:0006470 | protein dephosphorylation
Description: The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein.
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GO Term
GO:0008138 | protein tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reactions: protein serine + H2O = protein serine + phosphate; protein threonine phosphate + H2O = protein threonine + phosphate; and protein tyrosine phosphate + H2O = protein tyrosine + phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0016311 | dephosphorylation
Description: The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule.
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GO Term
GO:0016791 | phosphatase activity
Description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0003865 | 3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: a 3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid + acceptor = a 3-oxo-delta(4)-steroid + reduced acceptor.
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GO Term
GO:0008202 | steroid metabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving steroids, compounds with a 1,2,cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene nucleus.
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GO Term
GO:0016627 | oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-CH group of donors
Description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-CH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.
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GO Term
GO:0003989 | acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3- = ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA.
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GO Term
GO:0009317 | acetyl-CoA carboxylase complex
Description: A protein complex that catalyzes the first step in long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis. For example, in E. coli the complex is heterohexameric and composed of biotin carbonyl carrier protein, biotin carboxylase and the acetate CoA-transferase complex.
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GO Term
GO:0006839 | mitochondrial transport
Description: Transport of substances into, out of or within a mitochondrion.
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GO Term
GO:0031966 | mitochondrial membrane
Description: Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope.
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GO Term
GO:0008408 | 3'-5' exonuclease activity
Description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages within nucleic acids by removing nucleotide residues from the 3' end.
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GO Term
GO:0042132 | fructose 1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphatase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-fructose 1,6-bisphosphate + H2O = D-fructose 6-phosphate + phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0042578 | phosphoric ester hydrolase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: RPO-R' + H2O = RPOOH + R'H. This reaction is the hydrolysis of any phosphoric ester bond, any ester formed from orthophosphoric acid, O=P(OH)3.
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GO Term
GO:0016480 | negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase III
Description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase III.
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GO Term
GO:0005375 | copper ion transmembrane transporter activity
Description: Enables the transfer of copper (Cu) ions from one side of a membrane to the other.
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GO Term
GO:0035434 | copper ion transmembrane transport
Description: The directed movement of copper cation across a membrane.
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GO Term
GO:0003333 | amino acid transmembrane transport
Description: The process in which an amino acid is transported across a membrane.
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GO Term
GO:0015171 | amino acid transmembrane transporter activity
Description: Enables the transfer of amino acids from one side of a membrane to the other. Amino acids are organic molecules that contain an amino group and a carboxyl group.
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GO Term
GO:0005089 | Rho guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity
Description: Stimulates the exchange of guanyl nucleotides associated with a GTPase of the Rho family. Under normal cellular physiological conditions, the concentration of GTP is higher than that of GDP, favoring the replacement of GDP by GTP in association with the GTPase.
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GO Term
GO:0045039 | protein insertion into mitochondrial inner membrane
Description: The processes mediating the insertion of proteins into the mitochondrial inner membrane. Mitochondrial inner membrane proteins can get inserted from the cytosol, by crossing the outer membrane and being guided by an inner membrane translocase complex into their final destination in the inner membrane. Some proteins present in the intermembrane space can get inserted into the inner mitochondrial membrane. Finally, some proteins are inserted into the inner membrane from the matrix side of the membrane.
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GO Term
GO:0005875 | microtubule associated complex
Description: Any multimeric complex connected to a microtubule.
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GO Term
GO:0016620 | oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor
Description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which an aldehyde or ketone (oxo) group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD or NADP.
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GO Term
GO:0005759 | mitochondrial matrix
Description: The gel-like material, with considerable fine structure, that lies in the matrix space, or lumen, of a mitochondrion. It contains the enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and, in some organisms, the enzymes concerned with fatty acid oxidation.
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GO Term
GO:0033178 | proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, catalytic domain
Description: A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis or synthesis. The catalytic domain (F1, V1, or A1) comprises a hexameric catalytic core and a central stalk, and is peripherally associated with the membrane when the two-sector ATPase is assembled.
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GO Term
GO:0046961 | proton-transporting ATPase activity, rotational mechanism
Description: Enables the transfer of protons from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + H+(in) = ADP + phosphate + H+(out), by a rotational mechanism.
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GO Term
GO:0016616 | oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor
Description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a CH-OH group acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces NAD+ or NADP.
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GO Term
GO:0044262 | cellular carbohydrate metabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving carbohydrates, any of a group of organic compounds based of the general formula Cx(H2O)y, as carried out by individual cells.
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GO Term
GO:0046907 | intracellular transport
Description: The directed movement of substances within a cell.
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GO Term
GO:0008168 | methyltransferase activity
Description: Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group to an acceptor molecule.
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GO Term
GO:0031072 | heat shock protein binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a heat shock protein, any protein synthesized or activated in response to heat shock.
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GO Term
GO:0051082 | unfolded protein binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an unfolded protein.
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GO Term
GO:0005992 | trehalose biosynthetic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of trehalose, a disaccharide isomeric with sucrose and obtained from certain lichens and fungi.
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GO Term
GO:0006367 | transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter
Description: Any process involved in the assembly of the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) at an RNA polymerase II promoter region of a DNA template, resulting in the subsequent synthesis of RNA from that promoter. The initiation phase includes PIC assembly and the formation of the first few bonds in the RNA chain, including abortive initiation, which occurs when the first few nucleotides are repeatedly synthesized and then released. Promoter clearance, or release, is the transition between the initiation and elongation phases of transcription.
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GO Term
GO:0045893 | positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated
Description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
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GO Term
GO:0005956 | protein kinase CK2 complex
Description: A protein complex that possesses protein serine/threonine kinase activity, and contains two catalytic alpha subunits and two regulatory beta subunits. Protein kinase CK2 complexes are found in nearly every subcellular compartment, and can phosphorylate many protein substrates in addition to casein.
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GO Term
GO:0019887 | protein kinase regulator activity
Description: Modulates the activity of a protein kinase, an enzyme which phosphorylates a protein.
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GO Term
GO:0004824 | lysine-tRNA ligase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-lysine + tRNA(Lys) = AMP + diphosphate + L-lysyl-tRNA(Lys).
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GO Term
GO:0006430 | lysyl-tRNA aminoacylation
Description: The process of coupling lysine to lysyl-tRNA, catalyzed by lysyl-tRNA synthetase. The lysyl-tRNA synthetase is a class-II synthetase. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 3'-OH group of a lysine-accetping tRNA.
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GO Term
GO:0006457 | protein folding
Description: The process of assisting in the covalent and noncovalent assembly of single chain polypeptides or multisubunit complexes into the correct tertiary structure.
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GO Term
GO:0005576 | extracellular region
Description: The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite.
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GO Term
GO:0009664 | plant-type cell wall organization
Description: A process that results in the assembly and arrangement of constituent parts of the cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall, or in the disassembly of the cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall. This process is carried out at the cellular level. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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GO Term
GO:0000723 | telomere maintenance
Description: Any process that contributes to the maintenance of proper telomeric length and structure by affecting and monitoring the activity of telomeric proteins, the length of telomeric DNA and the replication and repair of the DNA. These processes includes those that shorten, lengthen, replicate and repair the telomeric DNA sequences.
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GO Term
GO:0003678 | DNA helicase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + H2O = ADP + phosphate; this reaction drives the unwinding of the DNA helix.
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GO Term
GO:0003964 | RNA-directed DNA polymerase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1). Catalyzes RNA-template-directed extension of the 3'- end of a DNA strand by one deoxynucleotide at a time.
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GO Term
GO:0006278 | RNA-dependent DNA biosynthetic process
Description: A DNA biosynthetic process that uses RNA as a template for RNA-dependent DNA polymerases (e.g. reverse transcriptase) that synthesize the new strand.
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GO Term
GO:0015078 | proton transmembrane transporter activity
Description: Enables the transfer of a proton from one side of a membrane to the other.
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GO Term
GO:0033177 | proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, proton-transporting domain
Description: A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and carries out proton transport across a membrane. The proton-transporting domain (F0, V0, or A0) includes integral and peripheral membrane proteins.
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GO Term
GO:0045263 | proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o)
Description: All non-F1 subunits of a hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral membrane proteins.
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GO Term
GO:0005783 | endoplasmic reticulum
Description: The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached).
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GO Term
GO:0016790 | thiolester hydrolase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: RCO-SR' + H2O = RCOOH + HSR'. This reaction is the hydrolysis of a thiolester bond, an ester formed from a carboxylic acid and a thiol (i.e., RCO-SR'), such as that found in acetyl-coenzyme A.
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GO Term
GO:0015671 | oxygen transport
Description: The directed movement of oxygen (O2) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
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GO Term
GO:0019825 | oxygen binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with oxygen (O2).
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GO Term
GO:0004185 | serine-type carboxypeptidase activity
Description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the C-terminus of a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine).
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GO Term
GO:0008909 | isochorismate synthase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: chorismate = isochorismate.
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GO Term
GO:0006487 | protein N-linked glycosylation
Description: A protein glycosylation process in which a carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative unit is added to a protein via the N4 atom of peptidyl-asparagine, the omega-N of arginine, or the N1' atom peptidyl-tryptophan.
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GO Term
GO:0008250 | oligosaccharyltransferase complex
Description: A protein complex that is found in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane of eukaryotes and transfers lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor to asparagine residues on nascent proteins. In yeast, the complex includes at least nine different subunits, whereas in mammalian cells at least three different forms of the complex have been detected.
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GO Term
GO:0019773 | proteasome core complex, alpha-subunit complex
Description: The proteasome core subcomplex that constitutes the two outer rings of the proteasome core complex. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus.
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GO Term
GO:0005315 | inorganic phosphate transmembrane transporter activity
Description: Enables the transfer of a inorganic phosphate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Secondary active transporters include symporters and antiporters.
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GO Term
GO:0006817 | phosphate ion transport
Description: The directed movement of phosphate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
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GO Term
GO:0004356 | glutamate-ammonia ligase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-glutamate + ATP + NH(3) = L-glutamine + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate.
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GO Term
GO:0006807 | nitrogen compound metabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen.
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GO Term
GO:0004594 | pantothenate kinase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + pantothenate = ADP + D-4'-phosphopantothenate.
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GO Term
GO:0015937 | coenzyme A biosynthetic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of coenzyme A, 3'-phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, an acyl carrier in many acylation and acyl-transfer reactions in which the intermediate is a thiol ester.
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GO Term
GO:0008935 | 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoyl-CoA synthase activity
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-(2-carboxyphenyl)-4-oxobutanoyl-CoA = 1,4-dihydroxy-2-napthoyl-CoA + H2O.
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GO Term
GO:0009234 | menaquinone biosynthetic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any of the menaquinones. Structurally, menaquinones consist of a methylated naphthoquinone ring structure and side chains composed of a variable number of unsaturated isoprenoid residues. Menaquinones that have vitamin K activity and are known as vitamin K2.
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GO Term
GO:0004650 | polygalacturonase activity
Description: Catalysis of the random hydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-galactosiduronic linkages in pectate and other galacturonans.
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GO Term
GO:0016857 | racemase and epimerase activity, acting on carbohydrates and derivatives
Description: Catalysis of a reaction that alters the configuration of one or more chiral centers in a carbohydrate molecule.
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GO Term
GO:0002161 | aminoacyl-tRNA editing activity
Description: The hydrolysis of an incorrectly aminoacylated tRNA.
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GO Term
GO:0006614 | SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane
Description: The targeting of proteins to a membrane that occurs during translation and is dependent upon two key components, the signal-recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor. SRP is a cytosolic particle that transiently binds to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signal sequence in a nascent protein, to the large ribosomal unit, and to the SRP receptor in the ER membrane.
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