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Search results 42101 to 42200 out of 44733 for *

Category restricted to GOTerm (x)

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Categories

Category: GOTerm
Type Details Score
GO Term
Description: An organelle consisting of a network of tubules that functions in targeting molecules, such as receptors transporters and lipids, to the plasma membrane.
GO Term
Description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the inner ear over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
GO Term
Description: An actin-based protrusion from the apical surface of auditory and vestibular hair cells and of neuromast cells. These protrusions are supported by a bundle of cross-linked actin filaments (an actin cable), oriented such that the plus (barbed) ends are at the tip of the protrusion, capped by a tip complex which bridges to the plasma. Bundles of stereocilia act as mechanosensory organelles.
GO Term
Description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cilium, a specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole.
GO Term
Description: A membrane-tethered, short cylindrical array of microtubules and associated proteins found at the base of a eukaryotic cilium (also called flagellum) that is similar in structure to a centriole and derives from it. The cilium basal body is the site of assembly and remodelling of the cilium and serves as a nucleation site for axoneme growth. As well as anchoring the cilium, it is thought to provide a selective gateway regulating the entry of ciliary proteins and vesicles by intraflagellar transport.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group from one position to another within a single molecule.
GO Term
Description: Regulation of transcription by a mechanism that allows RNA polymerase to continue transcription beyond termination site(s).
GO Term
Description: Shortening of the poly(A) tail of a nuclear-transcribed mRNA from full length to an oligo(A) length.
GO Term
Description: A complex that possesses poly(A)-specific ribonuclease activity; catalyzes the message-specific shortening of mRNA poly(A) tails. Contains at least two subunits, known as Pan2p and Pan3p in Saccharomyces.
GO Term
Description: Enables the transfer of glycine from one side of a membrane to the other. Glycine is aminoethanoic acid.
GO Term
Description: The process in which glycine is transported from the cytosol, into the mitochondrial matrix.
GO Term
Description: The modification of histones by removal of ubiquitin groups.
GO Term
Description: The disaggregation of a ribosome into its constituent components; includes the dissociation of ribosomal subunits.
GO Term
Description: The RNA metabolic process in which the phosphodiester bonds between ribonucleotides are cleaved by hydrolysis.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: a palmitoleoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + alpha-KDO-(2->4)-alpha-KDO-(2->6)-lipid IVA = KDO2-(palmitoleoyl)-lipid IVA + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein].
GO Term
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cold stimulus, a temperature stimulus below the optimal temperature for that organism.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of Kdo2-lipid A, a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) component.
GO Term
Description: Serves as a phospho-His intermediate enabling the transfer of phospho group between a hybrid kinase and a response regulator.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2-hydroxyglutarate + acceptor = 2-oxoglutarate + reduced acceptor.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoyl-CoA + H2O = 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoate + CoA.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipopolysaccharides, any of a group of related, structurally complex components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharides consist three covalently linked regions, lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and an O side chain. Lipid A is responsible for the toxicity of the lipopolysaccharide.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: phosphatidylglycerol + phosphatidylethanolamine = cardiolipin + ethanolamine.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction sulfoquinovose = 6-deoxy-6-sulfofructose.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction 2,3-dihydroxypropane-1-sulfonate + NAD+ = 3-sulfolactaldehyde + NADH + H+.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction 6-deoxy-6-sulfofructose + ATP = 6-deoxy-6-sulfofructose-1-phosphate + ADP.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving the hydrolysis of terminal 3',5'-phosphodiester bonds in one or two strands of ribonucleotides.
GO Term
Description: The process in which a secondary structure of RNA are broken or 'melted'.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a carbohydrate substrate molecule.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-allose, the D-enantiomer of allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + fluoride = 5'-deoxy-5'-fluoroadenosine + L-methionine.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-threonine + fluoroacetaldehyde = acetaldehyde + 4-fluoro-L-threonine.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: creatinine + H(2)O = creatine.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of creatine, N-[amino(imino)methyl]-N-methylglycine. Creatine is formed by a process beginning with amidino group transfer from L-arginine to glycine to form guanidinoacetate, followed by methyl group transfer from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to guanidinoacetate; it is then is phosphorylated to form a pool that stores high energy phosphate for the replenishment of ATP during periods of high, or fluctuating energy demand. In animals, most creatine is transported to and used in muscle.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of creatinine, 2-amino-1,5-dihydro-1-methyl-4H-imidazol-4-one, an end product of creatine metabolism and a normal constituent of urine.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: coenzyme F420-2 + L-glutamate + GTP = coenzyme F420-3 + GDP + orthophosphate.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-histidine + beta-alanine = AMP + diphosphate + carnosine.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the dipeptide beta-alanyl-L-histidine (carnosine).
GO Term
Description: A series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a semaphorin receptor (composed of a plexin and a neurophilin) binding to a semaphorin ligand.
GO Term
Description: Upregulation of the activity of the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase.
GO Term
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an intermediate filament, a distinct elongated structure, characteristically 10 nm in diameter, that occurs in the cytoplasm of higher eukaryotic cells. Intermediate filaments form a fibrous system, composed of chemically heterogeneous subunits and involved in mechanically integrating the various components of the cytoplasmic space.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the biosynthesis of retinoic acid, one of the three components that makes up vitamin A.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of the vitamin A compounds, retinol, retinal (retinaldehyde) and retinoic acid, all of which are derivatives of beta-carotene.
GO Term
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with fatty acids, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: ADP + D-glucose = AMP + D-glucose 6-phosphate.
GO Term
Description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signaling pathways initiated by the cross-linking of an antigen receptor on a B cell.
GO Term
Description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte migration.
GO Term
Description: An endocytic patch that consists of an actin-containing structure found at the plasma membrane in cells; formed of networks of branched actin filaments that lie just beneath the plasma membrane and assemble, move, and disassemble rapidly. An example of this is the actin cortical patch found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
GO Term
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with spectrin, a protein that is the major constituent of the erythrocyte cytoskeletal network. It associates with band 4.1 (see band protein) and actin to form the cytoskeletal superstructure of the erythrocyte plasma membrane. It is composed of nonhomologous chains, alpha and beta, which aggregate side-to-side in an antiparallel fashion to form dimers, tetramers, and higher polymers.
GO Term
Description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites).
GO Term
Description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression such that an expression pattern recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours.
GO Term
Description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of osteoblast differentiation.
GO Term
Description: Mitotic bipolar spindle assembly begins with spindle microtubule nucleation from the separated spindle pole body, includes spindle elongation during prometaphase, and is complete when all kinetochores are stably attached the spindle, and the spindle assembly checkpoint is satisfied.
GO Term
Description: One of three laminate structures that form the spindle pole body; the central plaque is embedded in the nuclear envelope.
GO Term
Description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte activation.
GO Term
Description: The process in which a chondroblast acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a chondrocyte. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage.
GO Term
Description: The multiplication or reproduction of chondrocytes by cell division, resulting in the expansion of their population. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage.
GO Term
Description: The resolution of the male germline syncytium or cyst into individual gametes by packaging each spermatid into its own plasma membrane.
GO Term
Description: The partitioning of endoplasmic reticulum between daughter cells at cell division.
GO Term
Description: Any process that activates or increases angiogenesis.
GO Term
Description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the fungal-type cell wall.
GO Term
Description: The directed movement of substances out of the nucleus.
GO Term
Description: Any process in which an organism enters and maintains a periodic, readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity. Usually accompanied by physical relaxation, the onset of sleep in humans and other mammals is marked by a change in the electrical activity of the brain.
GO Term
Description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cholinergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
GO Term
Description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of voltage-gated potassium channel activity.
GO Term
Description: The cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor, causing a change in the level or activity of a second messenger or other downstream target, and ultimately leading to the activation, perpetuation, or inhibition of an immune response.
GO Term
Description: A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained at, the spindle pole body.
GO Term
Description: The repair of double-strand breaks in DNA via homologous and nonhomologous mechanisms to reform a continuous DNA helix that contributes to reciprocal meiotic recombination.
GO Term
Description: The cell cycle process in which a daughter centriole is formed perpendicular to an existing centriole. An immature centriole contains a ninefold radially symmetric array of single microtubules; mature centrioles consist of a radial array of nine microtubule triplets, doublets, or singlets depending upon the species and cell type. Duplicated centrioles also become the ciliary basal body in cells that form cilia during G0.
GO Term
Description: A tubular structure of relatively uniform size that connects a mitochondrial crista to the mitochondrial inner boundary membrane.
GO Term
Description: Any signalling pathway that decreases or inhibits the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G2 phase to M phase of the mitotic cell cycle.
GO Term
Description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration.
GO Term
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the AP-1 adaptor complex. The AP-1 adaptor complex is a heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of beta1, gamma, mu1 and sigma1 subunits and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle. In at least humans, the AP-1 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different genes (gamma1 and gamma2, mu1A and mu1B, and sigma1A, sigma1B and sigma1C).
GO Term
Description: Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of actin nucleation mediated by the Arp2/3 complex and interacting proteins.
GO Term
Description: The process in which vesicles are directed to specific destination membranes during transport from the trans-Golgi to the endosome.
GO Term
Description: Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading.
GO Term
Description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell motility.
GO Term
Description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cartilage element over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage elements are skeletal elements that consist of connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate.
GO Term
Description: Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of enamel mineralization, the deposition of calcium salts in tooth enamel.
GO Term
Description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a circadian rhythm behavior.
GO Term
Description: The directed movement of some substance from outside of a cell into a cell. This may occur via transport across the plasma membrane or via endocytosis.
GO Term
Description: The directed movement of melanosomes into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
GO Term
Description: Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, the process in which cytochrome c is enabled to move from the mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytosol, which is an early step in apoptosis and leads to caspase activation.
GO Term
Description: The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of an epidermal cutaneous structure.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: S,S-dimethyl-beta-propiothetin = acrylate + dimethyl sulfide + H(+).
GO Term
Description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the import of the hexose monosaccharide glucose into a cell or organelle.
GO Term
Description: A protein complex involved in error-free DNA post-replication repair (PRR). In Saccharomyces cerevisiae the complex contains Csm2p, Psy3p, Shu1p, and Shu2p.
GO Term
Description: A protein complex that functions downstream of the MRN complex to promote DNA repair and the G2/M checkpoint. The SOSS complex associates with single-stranded DNA at DNA lesions and is composed of SOSS-B (SOSS-B1/OBFC2B or SOSS-B2/OBFC2A), SOSS-A/INTS3 and SOSS-C/C9orf80.
GO Term
Description: Enables the transmembrane transfer of a proton by a voltage-gated channel. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded.
GO Term
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a toxic protein, disabling its function. There may be more than one antitoxin to a toxic protein. Instances of this activity are known only in prokaryotes, where the toxic protein may be a ribonuclease, a DNA gyrase, or other.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: dolichyl phosphate D-mannose + protein = dolichyl phosphate + O-D-mannosylprotein.
GO Term
Description: The transfer of mannose from dolichyl activated mannose to the hydroxyl group of a seryl or threonyl residue of a protein acceptor molecule, to form an O-linked protein-sugar linkage.
GO Term
Description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo over time, from zygote formation through syncytial blastoderm to the hatching of the first instar larva. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster.
GO Term
Description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in dynamic structural changes to the arrangement of actin filaments.
GO Term
Description: The formation of a protein trimer, a macromolecular structure consisting of three noncovalently associated identical or nonidentical subunits.
GO Term
Description: The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into an oligodendrocyte in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway. Upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed.
GO Term
Description: The process in which myelin sheaths are formed and maintained around neurons. Oligodendrocytes in the brain and spinal cord and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system wrap axons with compact layers of their plasma membrane. Adjacent myelin segments are separated by a non-myelinated stretch of axon called a node of Ranvier.
GO Term
Description: The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an oligodendrocyte. An oligodendrocyte is a type of glial cell involved in myelinating the axons of neurons in the central nervous system.
GO Term
Description: The initial contact step made between the sperm plasma membrane and outer layer of the egg during fertilization.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + propanoyl-CoA + HCO3- = ADP + phosphate + (S)-methylmalonyl-CoA.
GO Term
Description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of T cell activation.
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