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Search results 1301 to 1400 out of 44733 for *

Category restricted to GOTerm (x)

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Categories

Category: GOTerm
Type Details Score
GO Term
Description: Heterodimeric protein complex composed of a 70 kDa and a 80 kDa subunit, binds DNA through a channel formed by the heterodimer. Functions in DNA double stranded break repair, chromosome maintenance, transcription regulation, V(D)J recombination, and activation of DNA-PK.
GO Term
Description: The region between the inner and outer lipid bilayers of the mitochondrial envelope.
GO Term
Description: Directly binding to and delivering copper ions to a target protein.
GO Term
Description: The generation of L-methionine (2-amino-4-(methylthio)butanoic acid) from methylthioadenosine.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: phosphate + oxaloacetate = phosphoenolpyruvate + HCO3-.
GO Term
Description: A metabolic process in which carbon (usually derived from carbon dioxide) is incorporated into organic compounds (usually carbohydrates).
GO Term
Description: Any process that modulates the rate of GTP hydrolysis by a GTPase.
GO Term
Description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a cytochrome complex. A cytochrome complex is a protein complex in which at least one of the proteins is a cytochrome, i.e. a heme-containing protein involved in catalysis of redox reactions.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + G(5')pppR-RNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + m7G(5')pppR-RNA. m7G(5')pppR-RNA is mRNA containing an N7-methylguanine cap; R may be guanosine or adenosine.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate + NAD(P)+ + H2O = (2S,4S)-4-hydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetrahydrodipicolinate + NAD(P)H + H+.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of thiamine (vitamin B1), a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver.
GO Term
Description: An AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that in humans consists of beta5, zeta, mu5 and sigma5 subunits and is found associated with membranes in the endosomes; it is not clear whether AP-5 forms clathrin coats in vivo.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the cleavage of a 5' flap structure in DNA, but not other DNA structures; processes the 5' ends of Okazaki fragments in lagging strand DNA synthesis.
GO Term
Description: The DNA metabolic process, occurring during lagging strand synthesis, by which RNA primers are removed from Okazaki fragments, the resulting gaps filled by DNA polymerization, and the ends ligated to form a continuous strand.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-dihydroorotate + H(2)O = N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate + H(+).
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pyrimidine nucleobases, 1,3-diazine, organic nitrogenous bases.
GO Term
Description: A reproduction process that creates a new organism by combining the genetic material of two gametes, which may come from two organisms or from a single organism, in the case of self-fertilizing hermaphrodites, e.g. C. elegans, or self-fertilization in plants. It occurs both in eukaryotes and prokaryotes: in multicellular eukaryotic organisms, an individual is created anew; in prokaryotes, the initial cell has additional or transformed genetic material. In a process called genetic recombination, genetic material (DNA) originating from two gametes join up so that homologous sequences are aligned with each other, and this is followed by exchange of genetic information. After the new recombinant chromosome is formed, it is passed on to progeny.
GO Term
Description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the thylakoid membrane.
GO Term
Description: Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: CoQH2 + 2 ferricytochrome c = CoQ + 2 ferrocytochrome c + 2 H+.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H(+)[side 1] + 2 oxidized plastocyanin + plastoquinol-1 = 2 H(+)[side 2] + 2 reduced plastocyanin + plastoquinone. This reaction involves the concomitant transfer of 2 H+ ions across a membrane.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which a diphenol or related substance acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: isocitrate = glyoxylate + succinate.
GO Term
Description: Combining with the amino acid gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA, 4-aminobutyrate) and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex.
GO Term
Description: The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-homoserine + ATP = O-phospho-L-homoserine + ADP + 2 H(+).
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving threonine (2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid), a polar, uncharged, essential amino acid found in peptide linkage in proteins.
GO Term
Description: Enables the transfer of a nucleotide-sugar from one side of a membrane to the other. A nucleotide-sugar is any nucleotide in which the distal phosphoric residue of a nucleoside 5'-diphosphate is in glycosidic linkage with a monosaccharide or monosaccharide derivative.
GO Term
Description: The directed movement of nucleotide-sugars into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Nucleotide-sugars are any nucleotide in which the distal phosphoric residue of a nucleoside 5'-diphosphate is in glycosidic linkage with a monosaccharide or monosaccharide derivative.
GO Term
Description: The directed movement of cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving valine, 2-amino-3-methylbutanoic acid.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoate + NAD+ = 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate + NADH + H+.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate + O2 = homogentisate + CO2.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving aromatic amino acid family, amino acids with aromatic ring (phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan).
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which hydrogen or electrons are transferred from one donor, and molecular oxygen is incorporated into a donor.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA = acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the molybdopterin cofactor (Moco), essential for the catalytic activity of some enzymes, e.g. sulfite oxidase, xanthine dehydrogenase, and aldehyde oxidase. The cofactor consists of a mononuclear molybdenum (Mo-molybdopterin) or tungsten ion (W-molybdopterin) coordinated by one or two molybdopterin ligands.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: 1-(2-carboxyphenylamino)-1-deoxy-D-ribulose 5-phosphate = 1-(indol-3-yl)glycerol 3-phosphate + CO2 + H2O.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the endohydrolysis of the N,N'-diacetylchitobiosyl unit in high-mannose glycopeptides and glycoproteins containing the -[Man(GlcNAc)2]Asn-structure. One N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue remains attached to the protein; the rest of the oligosaccharide is released intact.
GO Term
Description: The component of the endoplasmic reticulum membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having either part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane or some other covalently attached group such as a GPI anchor that is similarly embedded in the membrane.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: N6-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)AMP = fumarate + AMP.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a purine ribonucleotide, a compound consisting of ribonucleoside (a purine base linked to a ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate group at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of the sugar.
GO Term
Description: Repression of transcription of telomeric DNA by altering the structure of chromatin.
GO Term
Description: The modification of a histone by the addition of an acetyl group.
GO Term
Description: A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of beta3, delta, mu3 and sigma3 subunits and is found associated with endosomal membranes. AP-3 does not appear to associate with clathrin in all organisms. In at least humans, the AP-3 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different genes (beta3A and beta3B, mu3A and mu3B, and sigma3A and sigma3B).
GO Term
Description: The posttranscriptional addition of methyl groups to specific residues in a tRNA molecule.
GO Term
Description: The addition of a methyl group to an atom in the nucleoside base portion of a nucleotide residue in an rRNA molecule.
GO Term
Description: The ordered and organized complex of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that forms the chromosome.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glutamine, 2-amino-4-carbamoylbutanoic acid.
GO Term
Description: The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.
GO Term
Description: Any process that activates or increases the activity of an enzyme.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-tyrosine + ATP + tRNA(Tyr) = L-tyrosyl-tRNA(Tyr) + AMP + diphosphate + 2 H(+).
GO Term
Description: The process of coupling tyrosine to tyrosyl-tRNA, catalyzed by tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase.The tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase is a class-I synthetase. The activated amino acid is transferred to the 2'-OH group of a tyrosine-accetping tRNA. The 2'-O-aminoacyl-tRNA will ultimately migrate to the 3' position via transesterification.T
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: beta-D-fructose 6-phosphate + ATP = beta-D-fructose 2,6-bisphosphate + ADP + 2 H(+).
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-fructose 2,6-bisphosphate + H2O = D-fructose-6-phosphate + phosphate.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving fructose, the ketohexose arabino-2-hexulose. Fructose exists in a open chain form or as a ring compound. D-fructose is the sweetest of the sugars and is found free in a large number of fruits and honey.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving fructose 2,6-bisphosphate. The D enantiomer is an important regulator of the glycolytic and gluconeogenic pathways. It inhibits fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase and activates phosphofructokinase.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + L-aspartate + L-glutamine = AMP + diphosphate + L-asparagine + L-glutamate.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of asparagine, 2-amino-3-carbamoylpropanoic acid.
GO Term
Description: The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxylate + L-aspartate + ATP = (2S)-2-[5-amino-1-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamido]succinate + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: prephenate = phenylpyruvate + H2O + CO2.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of L-phenylalanine, the L-enantiomer of 2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid, i.e. (2S)-2-amino-3-phenylpropanoic acid.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the mRNA transcript body that occurs when the 3' end is not protected by a 3'-poly(A) tail; degradation proceeds in the 3' to 5' direction.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: an N-acyl-L-amino acid + H2O = a carboxylate + an L-amino acid.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving sterols, steroids with one or more hydroxyl groups and a hydrocarbon side-chain in the molecule.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: 5-alpha-cholest-7-en-3-beta-ol = 5-alpha-cholest-8-en-3-beta-ol.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: glycogen + phosphate = maltodextrin + alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator.
GO Term
Description: An integral membrane complex containing P680, the chlorophyll a molecule that functions as a primary electron donor. In the light, functioning as a water-plastoquinone oxidoreductase, it transfers electrons from water to plastoquinone.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + pyridoxal = ADP + pyridoxal 5'-phosphate.
GO Term
Description: Any process that generates pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, the active form of vitamin B6, from derivatives of it without de novo synthesis.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: N(2)-formyl-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)glycinamide + L-glutamine + ATP + H(2)O = 2-(formamido)-N(1)-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)acetamidine + L-glutamate + ADP + 2 H(+) + phosphate.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: chorismate + L-glutamine = anthranilate + pyruvate + L-glutamate.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the cleavage of a C-C bond by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation, of a 3-hydroxy acid.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: L-arginyl-tRNA + protein = tRNA + L-arginyl-protein.
GO Term
Description: The conjugation of arginine to the N-terminal aspartate or glutamate of a protein; required for the degradation of the protein via the ubiquitin pathway.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: N-(5-phospho-beta-D-ribosyl)anthranilate = 1-(2-carboxyphenylamino)-1-deoxy-D-ribulose 5-phosphate.
GO Term
Description: Complex of three heterogeneous polypeptide chains, that form a ternary complex with initiator methionyl-tRNA and GTP. This ternary complex binds to free 40S subunit, which subsequently binds the 5' end of mRNA.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: uroporphyrinogen-III = coproporphyrinogen + 4 CO2.
GO Term
Description: Trimeric protein complex that possesses endonuclease activity; involved in meiotic recombination, DNA repair and checkpoint signaling. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the complex comprises Mre11p, Rad50p, and Xrs2p; complexes identified in other species generally contain proteins orthologous to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteins.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NADP+ = 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NADPH + H+.
GO Term
Description: The signaling process in which G protein-coupled receptor signaling is brought to an end. For example, through the action of GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that act to accelerate hydrolysis of GTP to GDP on G-alpha proteins, thereby terminating the transduced signal.
GO Term
Description: The directed movement of poly(A)+ mRNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + tRNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tRNA containing 5-methylcytosine.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucose 6-phosphate = 1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate. This reaction requires NAD, which dehydrogenates the CHOH group to CO at C-5 of the glucose 6-phosphate, making C-6 into an active methylene, able to condense with the aldehyde at C-1. Finally, the enzyme-bound NADH reconverts C-5 into the CHOH form.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of inositol, 1,2,3,4,5,6-cyclohexanehexol, a growth factor for animals and microorganisms.
GO Term
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, which acts as a coenzyme for some enzymes and as an antioxidant in the protection of sulfhydryl groups in enzymes and other proteins; it has a specific role in the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxidized ascorbate, and it participates in the gamma-glutamyl cycle.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a pyrophosphate bond between two phosphate groups, leaving one phosphate on each of the two fragments.
GO Term
Description: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of one or more snRNA and multiple protein components to form a ribonucleoprotein complex that is involved in formation of the spliceosome.
GO Term
Description: A ribonucleoprotein particle of 325 kDa composed of a 7S (300 nucleotide) RNA molecule and a complex of six different polypeptides. This binds both to the N-terminal signal peptide for proteins destined for the endoplasmic reticulum as they emerge from the large ribosomal subunit and also to the ribosome. This binding arrests further translation thereby preventing the proteins from being released into the cytosol. The SRP-ribosome complex then diffuses to the endoplasmic reticulum where it is bound to the signal recognition particle receptor, which allows resumption of protein synthesis and facilitates the passage of the growing polypeptide chain through the translocon. Through a process involving GTP hydrolysis, the SRP-SRP receptor complex dissociates and SRP returns to the cytosol. Of the six polypeptides of SRP the 54 kDa subunit (SRP54) is the central player. It contains an N-terminal GTPase domain and a C-terminal domain that binds directly to the signal peptide and the SRP RNA. Examples of this component are found in Mus musculus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Arabidopsis thaliana.
GO Term
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an endoplasmic reticulum signal peptide, a specific peptide sequence that acts as a signal to localize the protein within the endoplasmic reticulum.
GO Term
Description: Enables the directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells.
GO Term
Description: Any process that results in the specification, formation or maintenance of the physical structure of eukaryotic chromatin.
GO Term
Description: A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition.
GO Term
Description: The division of a mature peroxisome within a cell to form two or more separate peroxisome compartments.
GO Term
Description: A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U1.
GO Term
Description: Selection of a splice site by components of the assembling spliceosome.
GO Term
Description: A multisubunit complex that is located at the replication origins of a chromosome in the nucleus.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: hydrogen sulfide + 3 oxidized ferredoxin + 3 H2O = sulfite + 3 reduced ferredoxin.
GO Term
Description: Catalysis of the reaction: 2 S-adenosyl-L-methionine + dethiobiotin + S(2-) = 2 5'-deoxyadenosine + 2 L-methionine + biotin + H(+).
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