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Search results 3001 to 3100 out of 44733 for *

Category restricted to GOTerm (x)

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Categories

Category: GOTerm
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Type Details Score
GO Term
GO:0001161 | intronic transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an intronic DNA sequence that regulates the transcription of the transcript it is contained within.
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GO Term
GO:0001162 | RNA polymerase II intronic transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II intronic DNA sequence that regulates the transcription of the transcript it is contained within.
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GO Term
GO:0001166 | RNA polymerase I enhancer sequence-specific DNA binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a RNA polymerase I (Pol I) enhancer. In mammalian cells, enhancers are distal sequences that increase the utilization of promoters, and can function in either orientation and in any location (upstream or downstream) relative to the core promoter.
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GO Term
GO:0001171 | reverse transcription
Description: A DNA synthesis process that uses RNA as the initial template for synthesis of DNA, but which also includes an RNase activity to remove the RNA strand of an RNA-DNA heteroduplex produced by the RNA-dependent synthesis step and use of the initial DNA strand as a template for DNA synthesis.
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GO Term
GO:0001172 | transcription, RNA-templated
Description: The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of RNA.
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GO Term
GO:0001173 | DNA-templated transcriptional start site selection
Description: Any process involved in the selection of the specific location within the template strand of a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase promoter for hybridization of the cognate ribonucleotides and formation of first phosphodiester bond within the nascent transcript.
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GO Term
GO:0001174 | transcriptional start site selection at RNA polymerase II promoter
Description: Any process involved in the selection of the specific location within the template strand of an RNA polymerase II promoter for hybridization of the cognate ribonucleotides and formation of first phosphodiester bond within the nascent transcript.
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GO Term
GO:0001175 | transcriptional start site selection at RNA polymerase III promoter
Description: Any process involved in the selection of the specific location within the template strand of an RNA polymerase III promoter for hybridization of the cognate ribonucleotides and formation of first phosphodiester bond within the nascent transcript.
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GO Term
GO:0001176 | transcriptional start site selection at bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter
Description: Any process involved in the selection of the specific location within the template strand of a bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter for hybridization of the cognate ribonucleotides and formation of first phosphodiester bond within the nascent transcript.
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GO Term
GO:0060260 | regulation of transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter
Description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of a process involved in starting transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
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GO Term
GO:0001177 | regulation of transcriptional open complex formation at RNA polymerase II promoter
Description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of a process involved the melting of the DNA hybrid of the core promoter region within the transcriptional closed complex of an RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex (PIC) to produce an open complex where the DNA duplex around the transcription initiation site is unwound to form the transcription bubble.
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GO Term
GO:0001178 | regulation of transcriptional start site selection at RNA polymerase II promoter
Description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of a process involved in the selection of the specific location within the template strand of an RNA polymerase II promoter for hybridization of the cognate ribonucleotides and formation of first phosphodiester bond within the nascent transcript.
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GO Term
GO:0001179 | RNA polymerase I general transcription initiation factor binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase I transcription factor, any protein required to initiate or regulate transcription by RNA polymerase I.
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GO Term
GO:0001182 | promoter clearance from RNA polymerase I promoter
Description: Any process involved in the transition from the initiation to the elongation phases of transcription by RNA polymerase I, generally including a conformational change from the initiation conformation to the elongation conformation. Promoter clearance often involves breaking contact with transcription factors involved only in the initiation phase and making contacts with elongation specific factors.
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GO Term
GO:0001183 | transcription elongation from RNA polymerase I promoter for nuclear large rRNA transcript
Description: The extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance at an RNA polymerase I promoter for the nuclear large ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript by the addition of ribonucleotides catalyzed by RNA polymerase I.
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GO Term
GO:0006362 | transcription elongation from RNA polymerase I promoter
Description: The extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance at an RNA polymerase I specific promoter by the addition of ribonucleotides catalyzed by RNA polymerase I.
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GO Term
GO:0009303 | rRNA transcription
Description: The synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA), any RNA that forms part of the ribosomal structure, from a DNA template.
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GO Term
GO:0001184 | promoter clearance from RNA polymerase I promoter for nuclear large rRNA transcript
Description: Any process involved in the transition from the initiation to the elongation phases of transcription by RNA polymerase I at a promoter for the nuclear large ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript, generally including a conformational change from the initiation conformation to the elongation conformation. Promoter clearance often involves breaking contact with transcription factors involved only in the initiation phase and making contacts with elongation specific factors.
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GO Term
GO:0001186 | RNA polymerase I transcription regulator recruiting activity
Description: The function of binding to an RNA polymerase I (RNAP I) transcription regulator and recruiting it to the general transcription machinery complex in order to modulate transcription initiation.
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GO Term
GO:0001192 | maintenance of transcriptional fidelity during DNA-templated transcription elongation
Description: Suppression of the occurrence of transcriptional errors, such as substitutions and/or insertions of nucleotides that do not correctly match the template base, during the process of transcription elongation on a DNA template.
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GO Term
GO:0001193 | maintenance of transcriptional fidelity during DNA-templated transcription elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter
Description: Suppression of the occurrence of transcriptional errors, such as substitutions and/or insertions of nucleotides that do not correctly match the template base, during the process of transcription elongation from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
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GO Term
GO:0001194 | maintenance of transcriptional fidelity during DNA-templated transcription elongation from bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter
Description: Suppression of the occurrence of transcriptional errors, such as substitutions and/or insertions of nucleotides that do not correctly match the template base, during the process of transcription elongation from a bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter.
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GO Term
GO:0001195 | maintenance of transcriptional fidelity during DNA-templated transcription elongation from RNA polymerase III promoter
Description: Suppression of the occurrence of transcriptional errors, such as substitutions and/or insertions of nucleotides that do not correctly match the template base, during the process of transcription elongation from a RNA polymerase III promoter.
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GO Term
GO:0006385 | transcription elongation from RNA polymerase III promoter
Description: The extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance at an RNA polymerase III promoter by the addition of ribonucleotides catalyzed by RNA polymerase III.
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GO Term
GO:0001196 | regulation of mating-type specific transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
Description: Any mating-type specific process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
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GO Term
GO:0007532 | regulation of mating-type specific transcription, DNA-templated
Description: Any mating-type specific process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
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GO Term
GO:0001197 | positive regulation of mating-type specific transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
Description: Any mating-type specific process that activates or increases the rate of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
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GO Term
GO:0045894 | negative regulation of mating-type specific transcription, DNA-templated
Description: Any mating-type specific process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of cellular DNA-templated transcription.
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GO Term
GO:0001198 | negative regulation of mating-type specific transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter
Description: Any mating-type specific process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter.
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GO Term
GO:0001207 | histone displacement
Description: The removal of histones, including histone dimers, from nucleosomes within chromatin.
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GO Term
GO:0001208 | histone H2A-H2B dimer displacement
Description: The removal of a H2A-H2B histone dimer from a nucleosome within chromatin.
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GO Term
GO:0001221 | transcription cofactor binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription cofactor, any protein involved in regulation of transcription via protein-protein interactions with transcription factors and other transcription regulatory proteins. Cofactors do not bind DNA directly, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery.
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GO Term
GO:0001222 | transcription corepressor binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription corepressor, any protein involved in negative regulation of transcription via protein-protein interactions with transcription factors and other proteins that negatively regulate transcription. Transcription corepressors do not bind DNA directly, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between repressing transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery.
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GO Term
GO:0001223 | transcription coactivator binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription coactivator, any protein involved in positive regulation of transcription via protein-protein interactions with transcription factors and other proteins that positively regulate transcription. Transcription coactivators do not bind DNA directly, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between activating transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery.
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GO Term
GO:0001224 | RNA polymerase II transcription cofactor binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transcription cofactor for RNA polymerase II, any protein involved in regulation of transcription via protein-protein interactions with RNA polymerase II transcription factors and other transcription regulatory proteins. Cofactors do not bind DNA directly, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery of RNA polymerase II.
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GO Term
GO:0001225 | RNA polymerase II transcription coactivator binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II transcription coactivator, any protein involved in positive regulation of transcription of RNA polymerase II via protein-protein interactions with transcription factors and other proteins that positively regulate transcription. Transcription coactivators do not bind DNA directly, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between activating transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery of RNA polymerase II.
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GO Term
GO:0001226 | RNA polymerase II transcription corepressor binding
Description: Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II transcription corepressor, any protein involved in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II via protein-protein interactions with transcription factors and other proteins that negatively regulate transcription. Transcription corepressors do not bind DNA directly, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between repressing transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery of RNA polymerase II.
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GO Term
GO:0007569 | cell aging
Description: An aging process that has as participant a cell after a cell has stopped dividing. Cell aging may occur when a cell has temporarily stopped dividing through cell cycle arrest (GO:0007050) or when a cell has permanently stopped dividing, in which case it is undergoing cellular senescence (GO:0090398). May precede cell death (GO:0008219) and succeed cell maturation (GO:0048469).
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GO Term
GO:0001300 | chronological cell aging
Description: The process associated with progression of the cell from its inception to the end of its lifespan that occurs when the cell is in a non-dividing, or quiescent, state.
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GO Term
GO:0001301 | progressive alteration of chromatin involved in cell aging
Description: Any chromatin organization process that occurs during the lifespan of the cell that results in changes in chromatin structure. Such changes may lead to gene dysregulation and ultimately to a loss in cell homeostasis, bringing about an aging phenotype.
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GO Term
GO:0001302 | replicative cell aging
Description: The process associated with progression of the cell from its inception to the end of its lifespan that occurs as the cell continues cycles of growth and division.
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GO Term
GO:0007576 | nucleolar fragmentation
Description: The cell aging process that results in the nucleolus breaking down into fragments.
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GO Term
GO:0001303 | nucleolar fragmentation involved in replicative aging
Description: A nucleolar fragmentation process that gives rise to multiple rounded structures and that occurs in conjunction with increasing age in dividing cells.
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GO Term
GO:0007000 | nucleolus organization
Description: A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the nucleolus.
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GO Term
GO:0001304 | progressive alteration of chromatin involved in replicative cell aging
Description: A process that results in changes in chromatin structure contributing to replicative cell aging.
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GO Term
GO:0001305 | progressive alteration of chromatin involved in chronological cell aging
Description: A process that results in changes in chromatin structure contributing to chronological cell aging, occurring in non-dividing cells.
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GO Term
GO:0001306 | age-dependent response to oxidative stress
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, where the change varies according to the age of the cell or organism.
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GO Term
GO:0007571 | age-dependent general metabolic decline
Description: A developmental process that arises as the cell progresses toward the end of its lifespan and cause changes cellular metabolism, resulting in a decline in cell function; for example, one aspect of general metabolic decline is a decrease in the efficiency of protein synthesis.
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GO Term
GO:0007580 | extrachromosomal circular DNA accumulation involved in cell aging
Description: Increase in abundance, as cells age, of circular DNA molecules that originate in the chromosome but are excised and circularized, often by intramolecular homologous recombination between direct tandem repeats, and replicated independently of chromosomal replication.
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GO Term
GO:0001307 | extrachromosomal circular DNA accumulation involved in replicative cell aging
Description: Increase in abundance of circular DNA molecules in dividing cells as they age. These molecules originate in the chromosome but are excised and circularized, often by intramolecular homologous recombination between direct tandem repeats, and then replicated independently of chromosomal replication.
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GO Term
GO:0001308 | negative regulation of chromatin silencing involved in replicative cell aging
Description: The process, which occurs as a dividing cell ages, leading to expression of genes that are typically not expressed due to silencing by regulatory proteins.
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GO Term
GO:0031936 | negative regulation of chromatin silencing
Description: Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin silencing.
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GO Term
GO:0031935 | regulation of chromatin silencing
Description: Any process that affects the rate, extent or location of chromatin silencing.
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GO Term
GO:0060969 | negative regulation of gene silencing
Description: Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of gene silencing, the transcriptional or post-transcriptional process carried out at the cellular level that results in long-term gene inactivation.
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GO Term
GO:0060968 | regulation of gene silencing
Description: Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of gene silencing, the transcriptional or post-transcriptional process carried out at the cellular level that results in long-term gene inactivation.
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GO Term
GO:0045815 | positive regulation of gene expression, epigenetic
Description: Any epigenetic process that activates or increases the rate of gene expression.
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GO Term
GO:0001310 | extrachromosomal rDNA circle accumulation involved in replicative cell aging
Description: Increase in abundance of circular DNA molecules containing ribosomal DNA repeats in dividing cells as they age. These molecules originate in the chromosome but are excised and circularized, often by intramolecular homologous recombination between direct tandem repeats, and then replicated independently of chromosomal replication.
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GO Term
GO:0001311 | formation of extrachromosomal circular rDNA by homologous recombination involved in replicative cell aging
Description: Excision from the chromosome and circularization of DNA molecules encoding ribosomal RNA in dividing cells as they age.
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GO Term
GO:0045458 | recombination within rDNA repeats
Description: Genetic recombination within the DNA of the genes coding for ribosomal RNA.
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GO Term
GO:0001313 | formation of extrachromosomal circular DNA involved in replicative cell aging
Description: Excision from the chromosome and circularization of a region of chromosomal DNA, generally, but not always, via homologous recombination between direct tandem repeats, in dividing cells as they age.
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GO Term
GO:0043570 | maintenance of DNA repeat elements
Description: Any process involved in sustaining the fidelity and copy number of DNA repeat elements.
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GO Term
GO:0043007 | maintenance of rDNA
Description: Any process involved in sustaining the fidelity and copy number of rDNA repeats.
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GO Term
GO:0001325 | formation of extrachromosomal circular DNA
Description: Excision from the chromosome and circularization of a region of chromosomal DNA, generally, but not always, via homologous recombination between direct tandem repeats.
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GO Term
GO:0001312 | replication of extrachromosomal rDNA circles involved in replicative cell aging
Description: Replication of rDNA following its excision from the chromosome of dividing cells as they age. Extrachromosomal rDNA forms a circle that contains at least one autonomously replicating sequence (ARS), which supports replication independent of chromosomal replication.
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GO Term
GO:0001314 | replication of extrachromosomal circular DNA involved in replicative cell aging
Description: Replication of circular DNA following excision from the chromosome of dividing cells as they age; replication of extrachromosomal circular DNA generally occurs independently of chromosomal replication.
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GO Term
GO:0001326 | replication of extrachromosomal circular DNA
Description: Replication of circular DNA following excision from the chromosome; replication of extrachromosomal circular DNA generally occurs independently of chromosomal replication.
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GO Term
GO:0001315 | age-dependent response to reactive oxygen species
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of reactive oxygen species, where the change varies according to the age of the cell or organism.
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GO Term
GO:0001322 | age-dependent response to oxidative stress involved in replicative cell aging
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) occurring in dividing cells as they age as a result of oxidative stress, where the change varies according to the age of the cell or organism.
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GO Term
GO:0001316 | age-dependent response to reactive oxygen species involved in replicative cell aging
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) occurring during the process of replicative cell aging as a result of reactive oxygen species, where the change varies according to the age of the cell or organism.
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GO Term
GO:0072353 | cellular age-dependent response to reactive oxygen species
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of reactive oxygen species, where the change varies according to the age of the cell or organism.
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GO Term
GO:0001321 | age-dependent general metabolic decline involved in replicative cell aging
Description: A process of general metabolic decline that arises in dividing cells as they age, and alters cellular metabolism to cause a decline in cell function.
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GO Term
GO:0034614 | cellular response to reactive oxygen species
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reactive oxygen species stimulus. Reactive oxygen species include singlet oxygen, superoxide, and oxygen free radicals.
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GO Term
GO:0001317 | accumulation of oxidatively modified proteins involved in replicative cell aging
Description: Accumulation of proteins that have undergone reactions with reactive oxygen species in aging dividing cells and exhibit modifications such as increased protein carbonyl content, oxidized methionine, protein hydrophobicity, and cross-linking.
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GO Term
GO:0001318 | formation of oxidatively modified proteins involved in replicative cell aging
Description: Chemical reaction, between proteins and reactive oxygen species, that occurs in dividing cells as they age and leads to a variety of changes in the affected proteins, including increases in protein carbonyl content, oxidized methionine, protein hydrophobicity, and cross-linking.
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GO Term
GO:0001319 | inheritance of oxidatively modified proteins involved in replicative cell aging
Description: A protein localization process in which progeny cells acquire, or are barred from acquiring, proteins that have been altered by reaction with reactive oxygen species in dividing aging cells.
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GO Term
GO:0001324 | age-dependent response to oxidative stress involved in chronological cell aging
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) occurring in non-dividing cells as they age as a result of oxidative stress, where the change varies according to the age of the cell or organism.
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GO Term
GO:0001320 | age-dependent response to reactive oxygen species involved in chronological cell aging
Description: Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) occurring in non-dividing cells as they age as a result of reactive oxygen species, where the change varies according to the age of the cell or organism.
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GO Term
GO:0001323 | age-dependent general metabolic decline involved in chronological cell aging
Description: A process of general metabolic decline that arises in non-dividing cells as they age, and alters cellular metabolism to cause a decline in cell function.
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GO Term
GO:0001400 | mating projection base
Description: The region where the mating projection meets the bulk of the cell, in unicellular fungi exposed to mating pheromone.
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GO Term
GO:0005937 | mating projection
Description: The projection formed by unicellular fungi in response to mating pheromone.
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GO Term
GO:0098799 | outer mitochondrial membrane protein complex
Description: Any protein complex that is part of the outer mitochondrial membrane.
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GO Term
GO:0001402 | signal transduction involved in filamentous growth
Description: Relaying of environmental signals promoting filamentous growth.
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GO Term
GO:0030447 | filamentous growth
Description: The process in which a multicellular organism, a unicellular organism or a group of unicellular organisms grow in a threadlike, filamentous shape.
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GO Term
GO:0036267 | invasive filamentous growth
Description: The growth of colonies in filamentous chains of cells into a substrate.
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GO Term
GO:0001403 | invasive growth in response to glucose limitation
Description: A growth pattern exhibited by budding haploid cells under certain growth conditions, in which cells retain the typical axial budding pattern of haploids, but become elongated and fail to separate after division; during growth on a solid substrate, this results in penetration of cells into the agar medium. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
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GO Term
GO:0070783 | growth of unicellular organism as a thread of attached cells
Description: A filamentous growth process in which cells remain attached after division and form thread-like filaments that may penetrate into a solid growth medium such as an agar plate, exhibited by unicellular fungi under certain growth conditions.
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GO Term
GO:0044182 | filamentous growth of a population of unicellular organisms
Description: The process in which a group of unicellular organisms grow in a threadlike, filamentous shape.
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GO Term
GO:0001406 | glycerophosphodiester transmembrane transporter activity
Description: Enables the transfer of glycerophosphodiesters from one side of a membrane to the other. Glycerophosphodiesters are small molecules composed of glycerol-3-phosphate and an alcohol, for example, glycerophosphoinositol.
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GO Term
GO:0001407 | glycerophosphodiester transmembrane transport
Description: The process in which a glycerophosphodiester is transported across a membrane. Glycerophosphodiesters are small molecules composed of glycerol-3-phosphate and an alcohol, for example, glycerophosphoinositol.
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GO Term
GO:0015865 | purine nucleotide transport
Description: The directed movement of a purine nucleotide, any compound consisting of a purine nucleoside esterified with (ortho)phosphate, into, out of or within a cell.
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GO Term
GO:0001408 | guanine nucleotide transport
Description: The directed movement of guanine nucleotides, GTP, GDP, and/or GMP, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
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GO Term
GO:0001409 | guanine nucleotide transmembrane transporter activity
Description: Enables the transfer of guanine nucleotides (GMP, GDP, and GTP) from one side of a membrane to the other.
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GO Term
GO:0001410 | chlamydospore formation
Description: The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the chlamydospore over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A chlamydospores is a mitotic (asexual) one-celled spore, produced primarily for survival, not dispersal, originating endogenously and singly within part of a pre-existing cell and possessing an inner secondary and often thickened cell wall. An example of this is found in Candida albicans.
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GO Term
GO:0043936 | asexual sporulation resulting in formation of a cellular spore
Description: The formation of a cellular spore derived from the products of mitosis. A cellular spore is a cell form that can be used for dissemination, for survival of adverse conditions because of its heat and dessication resistance, and/or for reproduction.
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GO Term
GO:0001411 | hyphal tip
Description: The end, or tip, of a fungal hypha, where polarized growth occurs during hyphal elongation.
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GO Term
GO:0001502 | cartilage condensation
Description: The condensation of mesenchymal cells that have been committed to differentiate into chondrocytes.
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GO Term
GO:0048705 | skeletal system morphogenesis
Description: The process in which the anatomical structures of the skeleton are generated and organized.
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GO Term
GO:0061448 | connective tissue development
Description: The progression of a connective tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure.
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GO Term
GO:0001504 | neurotransmitter uptake
Description: The directed movement of neurotransmitters into neurons or glial cells. This process leads to inactivation and recycling of neurotransmitters.
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GO Term
GO:0006581 | acetylcholine catabolic process
Description: The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetylcholine, the acetic acid ester of the organic base choline.
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